Himanshu Tiwari

Large-scale aquaponics systems face significant challenges in terms of energy consumption, water management, and system maintenance. Energy consumption is a key factor, as large systems require powerful pumps for water circulation, and heating or cooling systems may be necessary to maintain the optimal temperature for both fish and plants, which can lead to high energy costs. Additionally, in indoor environments or greenhouses, the use of artificial lighting for plants can further increase energy consumption. Regarding water management, the challenge lies in maintaining the optimal chemical balance in the water, monitoring parameters such as pH, ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates, and ensuring even water circulation throughout the system, which can be complex and energy-intensive. Large systems may also experience higher evaporation rates, increasing the need for additional water, while also carrying the risk of contamination or water pollution. Maintenance-wise, system complexity increases with scale, as it involves not only mechanical equipment (pumps, filters, aerators) but also biological aspects, such as maintaining the balance between fish, plants, and beneficial bacteria. This requires a high level of expertise, regular maintenance, and equipment monitoring, as well as managing diseases and pests, since pesticide use is limited in aquaponics, which increases the need for alternative control methods