Biodegradable plastics are mainly intended to replace conventional plastic in products that are more likely to end up in nature, such as single-use thin bags or disposable dishes. Industrialists are also working to develop biodegradation techniques at sea to fight against ocean pollution.
Bio-based plastics can replace any plastic from petrochemicals, as long as the molecule produced is the same. Certain European countries have thus set thresholds for incorporation into single-use bags.
But to justify their higher prices, producers of bioplastics are trying to develop materials with new properties: lighter, more resistant or even depolluting.
Today we mainly use carbohydrates from potatoes, corn, beets or sugar cane to produce bioplastic. But other, sometimes amazing, natural materials are being explored to produce clean, sustainable plastic (Algae, Shrimp shells, Bananas, Vegetable oil).