Zika virus is considered to be more or less restricted to tropical countries. However, transmission might be possible when a competent vector (Aedes species) is present. But, the presence of a vector is not sufficient. Warm summer periods might bring favourable conditions for transmission via ektothermal insects also outside of the tropics. With climate warming, these regions are likely to increase in extent. As far as I know, there is no knowledge on the EIP (extrinsic incubation period), which would be needed to assess whether regions and periods with the risk for transmission will evolve. Are there any hard facts, data, exeriments that can be used or applied to this virus.
There is limited knowledge on the EIP (extrinsic incubation period) in the field, which would be needed to assess whether regions and periods with the risk for transmission will evolve. Are there any hard facts, data, experiments that can be used or applied to this virus. The two papers that might gives a first answer under fixed lab conditions are (see graphics)
Li MI, Wong PS, Ng LC, Tan CH. Oral susceptibility of Singapore Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) to Zika virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(8):e1792.
Wong PS, Li MZ, Chong CS, Ng LC, Tan CH. Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse): a potential vector of Zika virus in Singapore. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 Aug;7(8):e2348.
Friendly greetings from Stockholm. B.
thanks bertrand
this is at least a start. if somebody has more data, I would be grateful.
carl
The papers mentioned by Bertrand can be useful to establish this point, in the meantime we can speculate that similar arbovirus transmitted by Aedes aegypti present an optimum range of environmental temperature for replication in the mosquito gut. Don't forget that the mosquito Aedes aegypti has a vectorial capacity that can enhance or decrease the transmission of the arbovirus. Low Temperatures reduce the mosquito activity reducing the rate of blood meal seeking and as consequence the rol intransmission.
I would like to draw your intention to a paper from the early beginning of Zika research in 1956:
Boorman JP, Porterfield JS. A simple technique for infection of mosquitoes with viruses; transmission of Zika virus. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1956;50:238–42
The temperature during the transmission experiment (Zika, Aedes aegypti) was 24°C (between 22-26°C) and it last 15 days until the virus load was again detectable.
In comparison, dengue virus amplification at 24°C will last 11-12 days (see Tjaden et al. 2013) until the virus can be found in salvia.
http://trstmh.oxfordjournals.org/content/50/3/238.full.pdf+html
http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0002207
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