Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is widely used to monitor state of the surface and to measure parameters of absorbed or covered, deposited films. Such sensor can be useful to know state of the external surface of your space ship, to measure thickness and other parameters of deposited films. As well, it can indicate possible erosion of the external ship surface,
Additional advantage of proposed application is following: sensitive sensor surface is placed outside of your ship, while all other optical sensitive equipment is inside of ship, it can work as kind of window.
Yes, as suggested Plasmonics based sensors can be used for SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy). So it would be useful for spectroscopy measurements. Plasmonics also improves the performance of nanophotonic devices and photovoltaics.
Recently NASA is working on Plasmonics force propulsion of Nano and Pico satellites. You can find proper references through google search. Other applications of plasmonics are as discussed by other researcher as a sensor, nano antena as well as surface enhanced spectroscopy etc.
Nanostructured sensors might change the conventional sensors as they may provide multifunctional features, such as spectral filtering and polarimetry, see our recent paper: Article Nanostructure-modulated planar high spectral resolution spec...
Its with dielectric nanostructures but similar effects may be obtained with plasmonics.