A proxy that can be used to characterize temporal changes is to track the land use pattern over time.

Kethusha Kisnaraj

Remote sensing is the practice of detecting and monitoring an area's physical features from a distance by measuring its reflected and emitted radiation (typically from satellite or aircraft). Remotely sensed photos are collected by special cameras, allowing researchers to "sense" facts about the Earth.

Spatial analysis integrates remotely sensed, thematic, statistical, quantitative, and geographical data to study particular research issues using overlay, modeling, and other analytical tools.

Successful identification of land use change is one of the criteria for comprehending urban sprawl. GIS is used for spatial analysis to identify the region's opportunities and constraints. To research urban sprawl, a variety of methodologies for detecting land use change are utilized.

There are three major techniques to doing research with idea maps as a tool that have emerged: relational, cluster, and word frequency. These methodologies are included at many stages of the research process, such as data collecting, analysis, and presentation.

Thank You everyone for your answers. It will really help to me

The most widely used index is NDBI.

In the article below, you'll find a list of urban indexes.

Article Review of Spectral Indices for Urban Remote Sensing

Thanks Siham Acharki

Remember that 'urban' is a vague spatial term whose temporal 'expansion' is even more difficult to pin down. I'd ask folks from the US (or your country's) Census organization.

هناك الصور الجويه والفضائية

Hello Kethusha,

First of all, I thank to you for asking the questions. Because no one asks the question at this time.

Firstly, you have to decide area and scale for mapping of urban expansion. You must want to choose temporal gap for urban expansion mapping. After that you could be mently prepare to download the following remote Sensing data.

1. Landsat 8 (30 m resolution, mapping on

50k scale)

2. Sentinel 2A (10 m resolution, mapping on

20k scale)

3. LISS 4 (5.8 m resolution, Cadastral

mapping or

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vT63gV5eVos

hi,

see that , usefaull

@Kethusha Krishnaraja

Landsat data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), And NDBI index

Thanks Nideshkumar Dhawale for share this. I will look on that

Various indices, such as the Index-Based Built-up Index (IBI), Urban Index (UI), Normalized Difference Bareness Index (NDBaI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Modified NDBI, Normalized Built-up Area Index (NBAI) and Band Ratio for Built-up Area (BRBA), New Built-up Index (NBI), Built-Up Index (BUI), Bare soil Index (BI)

The urban expansion can assess using Shannon’s Entropy theorem.

The most widely used indexes are NDBI and IDBI. it depends on the study area.

firstly you have to download satellite images in your study area. then by using the above index extract built-up area and can be analyzed urban expansion.

The urban expansion can be analyzed using several methods. Renyis's Entropy, Sprawling Index (SI) , Annual Changing RateUrban Expansion Intensity (UEI), Shannon's Entropy are some of them. The urban expansion analyzing method can be chosen as relevant to your study area, and your purpose.

Thank You Cheshini Malavipathirana and Sandali Liyanage