The identification of bacteria could be primarily done by morphological, biochemical and physiological methods. However, the molecular biological approach could hasten the identification process.
This is done by isolation of genomic DNA from the pure culture of bacteria followed by amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragments using 27F and 1492R primer sets. The amplified product is then purified and sequenced. The sequence, thus, obtained is matched with the reference sequences in NCBI database. The percentage match provides the information on how closely our bacterium is related to the matched known bacteria (Srivastva et al., 2015, 2017).
The service for sequencing or even the entire process i.e. from DNA isolation to sequencing is now provided commercially by some companies and institute like IMTECH, Chandigarh.