I recently read an excellent paper detailing the problems with metaphors in the design of metaheuristics:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237009138_Metaheuristics_--_the_metaphor_exposed?ev=srch_pub

The components are relatively easy: a solution representation, a fitness function to evaluate solutions, and methods to create new solutions.

Key strategic components include means to avoid and/or escape from local optima, balance exploration and exploitation, etc.

Where do people stand on these? I'm particularly interested on insights into cooperative coevolution that involves solving multiple problems in lower dimensions. How does this work for non-separable problems? Other than some optimization is better than no optimization, what's the justification/insight?

Article Metaheuristics -- the metaphor exposed

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