These include Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), they are toxic chemicals that adversely affect human health and the environment around the world. Because they can be transported by wind and water, most POPs generated in one country can and do affect people and wildlife far from where they are used and released. They persist for long periods of time in the environment and can accumulate and pass from one species to the next through the food chain.Many people are familiar with some of the most well-known POPs, such as PCBs, DDT, and dioxins. POPs include a range of substances that include:

Intentionally produced chemicals currently or once used in agriculture, disease control, manufacturing, or industrial processes. Examples include PCBs, which have been useful in a variety of industrial applications (e.g., in electrical transformers and large capacitors, as hydraulic and heat exchange fluids, and as additives to paints and lubricants) and DDT, which is still used to control mosquitoes that carry malaria in some parts of the world.

Unintentionally produced chemicals, such as dioxins, that result from some industrial processes and from combustion (for example, municipal and medical waste incineration and backyard burning of trash).

POPs work their way through the food chain by accumulating in the body fat of living organisms and becoming more concentrated as they move from one creature to another. This process is known as "biomagnification." When contaminants found in small amounts at the bottom of the food chain biomagnify, they can pose a significant hazard to predators that feed at the top of the food chain. This means that even small releases of POPs can have significant impacts.

http://www.epa.gov/oia/toxics/pop.html

Fenole, mineral oil

It depends on the source of water.

Maybe mineral oil, fats, oil and etc.

Ali,

The most dangerous organic compounds in drinking water are the so-called Toxic Organic Compounds which is a large group of organic molecules that used to be detected in drinking/municipal water using highly selective techniques. As you stated, PHAs, pesticides, organo-chlorinated compounds, among others:

- phtalates (from plastic matter),

- bis-phenol A (BPA), nonylphenol etc.

These are reputed to be highly toxic: endocrinous disruptives, carcinogens, teratogens etc.

Their detection is most of time very specific and laborious. It requires LC-MS-MS techniques or enzymatic technologies with drastic protocols.

Actually, it depends on what kind of compound you are targeting and what are the technology you have in your lab.

Regards

Amine

These include Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), they are toxic chemicals that adversely affect human health and the environment around the world. Because they can be transported by wind and water, most POPs generated in one country can and do affect people and wildlife far from where they are used and released. They persist for long periods of time in the environment and can accumulate and pass from one species to the next through the food chain.Many people are familiar with some of the most well-known POPs, such as PCBs, DDT, and dioxins. POPs include a range of substances that include:

Intentionally produced chemicals currently or once used in agriculture, disease control, manufacturing, or industrial processes. Examples include PCBs, which have been useful in a variety of industrial applications (e.g., in electrical transformers and large capacitors, as hydraulic and heat exchange fluids, and as additives to paints and lubricants) and DDT, which is still used to control mosquitoes that carry malaria in some parts of the world.

Unintentionally produced chemicals, such as dioxins, that result from some industrial processes and from combustion (for example, municipal and medical waste incineration and backyard burning of trash).

POPs work their way through the food chain by accumulating in the body fat of living organisms and becoming more concentrated as they move from one creature to another. This process is known as "biomagnification." When contaminants found in small amounts at the bottom of the food chain biomagnify, they can pose a significant hazard to predators that feed at the top of the food chain. This means that even small releases of POPs can have significant impacts.

http://www.epa.gov/oia/toxics/pop.html

Please read "Boys will be girls - the life altering effects of PPCP's in drinking water ",in WaterOnline, the magazine, 4 sept 2013, published by Kevin Westerling

And this too

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.024

You need to know the water's history and source. Most of the organics in a lake or river will be natural and not easily speciated, but measurable as total oganic carbon (TOC).

If the water is disinfected with Sodium Hypochlorite, chlorates and chlorites could be high as NaOCl decomposes with time and warmer temperatures.

Re Michael Lever's comment. There would be some chlorate (perhaps much less than 1 mg/L) and a very small amount of perchlorate (ppbs) depending upon the age of the hypochlorite and the dosage, but not much chlorite. That would mostly occur along with chlorate from chlorine dioxide use.

Hai,

Nowadays lots of organic chemical compounds were founds in drinking water, the amount of that particular chemical compounds is depends upon the water source and geographical area. the organic chemical compounds which are mostly found in drinking water are Acrylamide, Carbofuran, p-Dichlorobenzene etc further more information's please follow the link

http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/

I agree with the comments from Joseph Cotruvo.

Unfortunately, in Queensland where I live, the potable water temperature is often much higher than 25°C and if the sodium hypochlorite storage times are excessive and the NaOCl dose rate is high, it is not uncommon for the WHO chlorate guideline of 0.7 mg/L to be exceeded. In addition, the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council were recently proposing a chlorate guideline value of 0.3 mg/L for drinking water.

Thanks every body

In my city in Egypt, i do not think that we have problems in POPs, PAHs or organochlorine compounds. Their results are mostly not detected. The problem is the discharge of wastewater to surface water. I do not think that our conventional treatment plants are able to remove all contaminants. So i will try to investigate acrylamide levels. Chlorine disinfection is only disinfectant used in Egypt. Thanks for providing me more information for most contaminant in wastewater.

Do you have acrylamide in source water? Acrylamide is usually present from usage of low quality non drinking water industrial grade polyacrylamides in the treatment process.

Re: Joseph. I red that wastewater is a source for acrylamide. If not, what organic contaminants do you think it may detected?

Every wastewater is different. You need to determine what is being discharged into the water---e.g. from industries.

Municipal wastewater- sewage

With sewage contamination of raw water to a supply system you should be concerned about nitrogen containing industrial chemicals that causes formation of NDMA and related chemicals in the chlorination process. These are quite potent carcinogens.

Another concern that requires monitoring and possible treatment is cyanotoxins.

Article A review on cylindrospermopsin: The global occurrence, detec...

Please kindly go through "Contaminants of emerging concern in municipal wastewater effluents and marine receiving water" using the link; ftp://ftp.sccwrp.org/pub/download/DOCUMENTS/AnnualReports/2011AnnualReport/ar11_351_364.pdf

I believe it will assist

There has been much interest and public angst on detections of trace organic chemicals in drinking water since the detection and regulation of THMs in drinking water in the mid 1970's. In the US it has driven many people to spend thousands of dollars on buying bottled water or installing carbon filters in their homes, but for no really good health reason. My first major action at USEPA was to regulate THMs in 1978. I have half jokingly said that that regulation resulted in paying for sending the children of thousands of researchers and water engineers and water regulators to college and graduate school.

Drinking water should be clean and safe. That is achievable by reasonable source protection and water treatment. However, that does not mean that drinking water needs to be equivalent to distilled water. The likelihood that there are significant risks from good drinking water with trace chemicals in the ppb and ppt levels is very small. That includes pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals and DBPs in most environments. The availability of analytical detections at ppt and ppb does not mean that water is riskier, it just means we can find more. The analytical methods and instrumentation will continue to become more sensitive, so we will continue to detect more chemicals and scare the public, but the health significance will not increase. The WHO continues to repeat that the greatest concerns in drinking water are microbial risk, and protection against that risk should never be compromised by concerns of chemicals.

I am a chemist by training so I am interested in advances in chemistry that have allowed lower and lower detections of trace chemicals, but I also have concluded that those detections do not indicate significant risk, and if they do exist, they are negligible compared to every other risk that we encounter in life. Diet is certainly our most significant risk source for chemicals. Why are we not as concerned about trace natural carcinogens and other natural toxicants in foods where the exposure is much greater than from drinking water?

So, be diligent about eliminating microbial risks, and support source water protection and reasonable water treatment, but do not be carried away by searching for the last molecule of a chemical in the water. For example, we have recently shown that drinking water re[resents less than 0.1 % of daily exposure to dimethlynitrosamine, more than 99% is endogenously produced by bichemical processes involving nitric oxide production. Also, bromate is not a carcinogenic risk in drinking water at usual levels.

Read: Therapeutic Dose as the Point of Departure in Assessing the Health Hazards from Drugs in Drinking Water and Recycled Municipal Wastewater. RJ Bull, J Crook, M Whittaker, JA Cotruvo. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 60, 1-19, 2011.

Drinking water as a proportion of total human exposure to volatile N-nitrosamines. S Hrudey, RJ Bull, JA Cotruvo, M Wilson, G Paoli. Risk Analysis (journal). Prepublication: DOI: 10.1111/risa.12070. June 20, 2013. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/risa.12070/full.

Non-genotoxic Mechanisms Involved in Bromate-induced Cancer in Rats. R.J. Bull and Joseph Cotruvo, Journal AWWA Summary 105:12, pp 47-48, December 2013. Full paper at: http://dx.doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2013.105.0155

Organic contaminants fall under the following categories: (1) Volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), (2) disinfection byproducts and (3) synthetic organic chemicals. Basic information is available at

http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/water/factsheet/com/voc_soc.html

well, it depends on the source of your water so if you already measure all the above mentioned organic variables and not detected I think  you still need to measure VOCs and other synthetic organic Chemicals because it is drinking water and should be safe.

I think Municipal wastewater- sewage