Earthquakes are natural disasters with destructive effects that leave many negative effects on humans, the environment and the economy. They kill many people, due to the inability to predict them before they happen.
The earthquake results in catastrophic economic effects, and the economic damage includes losses of capital assets and infrastructure such as housing, schools, factories, equipment, roads, dams and bridges. Human capital is being depleted by loss of life, loss of skilled workers, and destruction of educational facilities, which disrupts studies. The country's natural resources may also be harmed. As a result of the recurrence of natural disasters, individuals and local communities may resort to a kind of “adaptive behavior” that will result in more economic losses. Farmers may invest less to increase the productivity of their land located in drought-prone areas for fear of losing their investment. In addition to the damage left by earthquakes regarding the infrastructure of the affected areas, it causes economic suffering due to the damage to many economic sectors.
The catastrophe is also exacerbated, especially in poor countries that suffer from internal conflicts and wars. It exacerbates the vulnerabilities of the population in the face of crises and natural disasters. This causes a severe deterioration in the humanitarian situation, especially food security and the danger of residential buildings. Vulnerable segments of the population such as women, children, the elderly and people with disabilities, as well as the poor, have been hit hard.
We prefer to avoid using the phrase "natural disaster":
1. Book https://global.oup.com/academic/product/disaster-by-choice-9780198841357
2. Paper https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2019.100008
3. Commentary https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/disaster-choice/202005/does-nature-play-disaster-games
4. Blog https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/disaster-choice
5. Vlog https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BlVyY1UAOnU&list=PLCuu5t_nsFKC5IbjnahIEoKHK8o2vegaZ
6. TEDx https://youtube.com/watch?v=AayasycLqqU
Given this discussion, so much is in control of people with power and resources--including possible economic impacts of earthquakes. The consequences vary widely--and too often, those with power and resources use a disaster go gain more rather than to help those with less https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103070
It seems that you attempted to nswer your own question? No need for comments?
To contribute with something positive, how about a catchy phrase such as: “ business, discontinuity” by the disruption of basic services, such as access, electricity, water, and health?
The classic disaster management cycle can be better represented by a spiral going upwards or downwards, depending on the resulting effects of disasters.
When this tendency is down, economies at national, local and family levels degrade to the point when resilience is no longer possible and health and prosperity free-fall.
So the answer to your question is the affectation of crucial services, such as transportation, energy, sanitation, security and free trade
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