Crop residue management, particularly paddy straw, has become a critical issue in many regions, especially in India where stubble burning contributes to severe environmental pollution and depletes soil health. With growing awareness of sustainable agricultural practices, microbial consortia are being explored as an effective solution for accelerating the decomposition of crop residues. Microbial consortia, consisting of a mix of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, have shown promising results in breaking down lignocellulosic biomass. The goal is to harness these microbial communities to enhance the degradation process, reduce the dependency on chemical treatments, and improve soil health by restoring soil microbiota.