In general, column photobioreactors are made of acrylic materials (Poly-methyl methacrylate). For small scale reactors, UV sterilization can be employed. However, for a large scale, the reactor can be washed using the antiseptic and disinfectant solution (diluted) to sterilize it. It is more pragmatic to acclimatize the culture in unsterile conditions, mainly for a large scale.
We use bleach to sterilize our photobioreactors from 200L to 5000L, at 0.1 mL/L of concentrated bleach (9.6%), then we neutralize bleach with 0.8 g/L of sodium thiosulfate.
Some colleagues use H2O2, which doesn't leave chemical residues and may be less agressive to some plastics, but we never tested it yet.