I am starting to research socio-economic dynamics modeling and social and economic network analysis, particularly in the context of poverty eradication and inequality reduction. I'm interested in identifying the key open problems in this field, especially from a mathematical perspective.

I would appreciate insights into open problems at the intersection of mathematics and socio-economic dynamics. Are there fundamental conjectures, unsolved problems, or emerging mathematical techniques that could be promising in addressing these issues?

Thank you very much!