Translating culture-loaded terms is one of the biggest challenges in translation because these words and expressions carry deep cultural meanings that may not have direct equivalents in the target language. These terms often reflect traditions, beliefs, or historical contexts unique to a particular culture, making them difficult to translate without losing their essence.
Scholars tend to suggest several translation strategies, amongst which are substitution (replacing words - and apparent meanings - with other ones, as with idioms), amplification (i.e., paraphrasing) or reduction.
References:
•Malone, Joseph L. 1988. The Science of Linguistic in the Art of Translation: Some Tools from Linguistic for the Analysis and Practice of Translation. New York: State University of New York Press.
•Taylor Christopher. 1998. Language to Language: a Practical and TheoreticalGuide for Italian/English Translators. Cambridge: CUP. Pages47-64.
Languages and cultures differ at all imaginable and unimaginable levels. So, no worry if you come across culture-specific items to render in translation. If they are vitally necessary for the coherence of translation, care must be taken to literally explain and provide a paraphrase for them. BTW, translation is not so much for what is cultural sharedness as much as for providing foreign readers a taste of the source culture even if through paraphrasing.
I believe that the deep knowledge about the culture of the target language is indispensable in translation. However, as for the no equivalent culture terms in the target language, I think paraphrasing is a sound choice. BTW, the target I mean the English language