Open science is advocated by science funders, policy makers, and increasingly scientific communities. Yet, it seems there is little research on the effects of making data and code available, publishing open access or reaching out to the public (e.g. citizen science).

Do you know of studies that measure what effect open science practices have within academia (e.g. increase in citations) OR outside academia (e.g. commercial use of data)?

Please help me collecting hard evidence for the assumption that "open science" is in fact beneficial for scientists, science, and society at large.

Any source recommendations, studies, grey literature on the topic would help.

Thank you very much!

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