Edward Lee Thorndike (1874-1949) was a professor of American Psychology, a disciple of William James who developed a series of laws about trial and error learning. Thorndike's theories are considered as the precursors of American behaviorism that would find its maximum exponent in the figure of Skinner, father of operant conditioning.

• Law of effect. This is considered the most important. According to this law, the succession of stimuli and responses is not enough for learning to occur. For the learning to happen, reinforcement is needed. This is that when an act is followed by a reward it tends to repeat itself, whereas when it is followed by a punishment the probability of its repetition decreases.

regards

Jose Luis

http://psicoterapeutas.eu/leyes-del-aprendizaje-de-thorndike/

Edward Lee Thorndike (1874- 1949) fue un profesor de Psicología americano discípulo de William James que elaboró una serie de leyes acerca del aprendizaje por ensayo-error. Las teorías de Thorndike son consideradas como las precursoras del conductismo americano que encontraría su máximo exponente en la figura de Skinner, padre del condicionamiento operante.

Saludos

José Luis

http://psicoterapeutas.eu/leyes-del-aprendizaje-de-thorndike/

Edward Lee Thorndike (August 31, 1874 – August 9, 1949) was an American psychologist who spent nearly his entire career at Teachers College, Columbia University. His work on Comparative psychology and the learning process led to the theory of connectionism and helped lay the scientific foundation for modern educational psychology. He also worked on solving industrial problems, such as employee exams and testing. He was a member of the board of the Psychological Corporation and served as president of the American Psychological Association in 1912. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Thorndike as the ninth most cited psychologist of the 20th century. Edward Thorndike had a powerful impact on reinforcement theory and behavior analysis, providing the basic framework for empirical laws in behavior psychology with his Law of Effect. Through his contributions to the behavioral psychology field came his major impacts on education, where the Law of Effect has great influence in the classroom.

Thorndike contributed a great deal to psychology. His influence on animal psychologists, especially those who focused on behavior plasticity, greatly contributed to the future of that field. In addition to helping pave the way towards behaviorism, his contribution to measurement influenced philosophy, the administration and practice of education, military administration, industrial personnel administration, civil service and many public and private social services.Thorndike influenced many schools of psychology as Gestalt psychologists, psychologists studying the conditioned reflex, and behavioral psychologists all studied Thorndike’s research as a starting point.] Thorndike was a contemporary of John B. Watson and Ivan Pavlov. However, unlike Watson, Thorndike introduced the concept of reinforcement. Thorndike was the first to apply psychological principles to the area of learning. His research led to many theories and laws of learning. His theory of learning, especially the law of effect, is most often considered to be his greatest achievement.[11] In 1929, Thorndike addressed his early theory of learning, and claimed that he had been wrong.[9] After further research, he was forced to denounce his law of exercise completely, because he found that practice alone did not strengthen an association, and that time alone did not weaken an association.[9] He also got rid of half of the law of effect, after finding that a satisfying state of affairs strengthens an association, but punishment is not effective in modifying behavior.[9] He placed a great emphasis on consequences of behavior as setting the foundation for what is and is not learned. His work represents the transition from the school of functionalism to behaviorism, and enabled psychology to focus on learning theory.Thorndike’s work would eventually be a major influence to B.F. Skinner and Clark Hull. Skinner, like Thorndike, put animals in boxes and observed them to see what they were able to learn. The learning theories of Thorndike and Pavlov were later synthesized by Clark Hull. His work on motivation and attitude formation directly affected studies on human nature as well as social order. Thorndike’s research drove comparative psychology for fifty years, and influenced countless psychologists over that period of time, and even still today.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Thorndike

Hi,

Thanks for the interesting question.

Thorndike's research focused on instrumental learning, which means that learning is developed from the organism doing something. For example, he placed a cat inside a wooden box. The cat would use various methods while trying to get out, however nothing would work until it hit the lever. Afterwards, Thorndike tried placing the cat inside the wooden box again. This time, the cat was able to hit the lever quickly and succeeded in getting out from the box.

At first, Thorndike emphasized the importance of dissatisfaction stemming from failure as equal to the reward of satisfaction with success, though in his experiments and trials on humans he came to conclude that reward is a much more effective motivator than punishment. He also emphasized that the satisfaction must come immediately after the success, or the lesson would not sink in.

With my best regards!

Dr. Adel OUESLATI

Many educational psychologists have acknowledged the utility of Thorndike' s laws of learning, which enable teachers to teach their learners more efficiently. In other words, by following these principles, people acquire empowering additional insights into what makes them learn most effectively. These laws are: readiness, exercise, effect, recency, primacy, and intensity.

Best regards,

R. Biria

Edward Thorndike developed the first three laws of learning: readiness, exercise, and effect. He set also the law of effect which means that any behavior that is followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated, and any behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is likely to be avoided.

Thorn dike’s Laws of Learning:

Law of readiness: speaks about learners’ enthusiasm

Law of exercise: about repetition

Law of effect: about learners’ encouragement

Law of primacy: speaks about the opinions of the learner

Law of recency: As per this law, people often remember the most recent things they have learnt

Law of intensity: law states that you have to develop innovative online courses in order to dive into the learners’ concentration

Thank-you

thanks dr.Gopikrishna_Nidigonda

• Edward Thorndike (1874 - 1949) is famous in psychology for his work on learning theory that lead to the development of operant conditioning within behaviorism
• Connectionism (Edward Thorndike) The learning theory of Thorndike represents the original S-R ( Stimulus and Response ) framework of behavioral psychology: Learning is the result of associations forming between stimuli and responses. Such associations or "habits"

I agree and recommend the answer of Dr. Mutasem Z. Bani-Fwaz

Dear colleagues, Thank you very much for these wonderful scientific answers

Edward Lee Thorndike (1874-1949) was a professor of American Psychology, a disciple of William James who developed a series of laws about trial and error learning. Thorndike's theories are considered as the precursors of American behaviorism that would find its maximum exponent in the figure of Skinner, father of operant conditioning.

• Law of effect. This is considered the most important. According to this law, the succession of stimuli and responses is not enough for learning to occur. For the learning to happen, reinforcement is needed. This is that when an act is followed by a reward it tends to repeat itself, whereas when it is followed by a punishment the probability of its repetition decreases.

regards

Jose Luis

http://psicoterapeutas.eu/leyes-del-aprendizaje-de-thorndike/

Edward Lee Thorndike (1874- 1949) fue un profesor de Psicología americano discípulo de William James que elaboró una serie de leyes acerca del aprendizaje por ensayo-error. Las teorías de Thorndike son consideradas como las precursoras del conductismo americano que encontraría su máximo exponente en la figura de Skinner, padre del condicionamiento operante.

Saludos

José Luis

http://psicoterapeutas.eu/leyes-del-aprendizaje-de-thorndike/

Thank you very much for the wonderful scientific information

Thank you for sharing your question with me.

Edward Lee Thorndike (1874-1949) gives four important laws in learning. They are law of readiness, law of exercise, law of effect and law of belonging.

learning through behavior