The Phase Shifter is a passive component, able to provide a specific phase difference between two output ports of main line and reference line that specifically plays a vital role in beamforming network such as Nolen, Blass and Butler matrices. The adjustable phase differences between -157° and 193° at 1.5 GHz are achieved by varying bias voltages of the varactor diodes. The simulated and measured return loss and insertion loss utilizing varactor diods, are better than 10 dB and 2.6 dB for distinct phase differences between 1 GHz and 2 GHz.

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