First of all, it is to be noticed that Controls is a vast field with so many applications and diversity. If you are looking for a beginner level proficiency in the controls area I would recommend to start from the following resources:
1. Textbook on " Modern Control Engineering" by K Ogata
2. Textbook on "Automatic Control Systems" by BC Kuo
3. Quality video lectures on Control theory by Brian Douglas or Steve Brunton are available on YouTube.
I think this will make your fundamentals strong enough to move forward to advanced control. For advanced control, you need to refer standard journals like IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, etc., or standard conferences like IFAC. We don't have a single book with all the information about advanced controls.
The design and implementation of control systems is widely used in almost all areas of utility and industry (energy, aerospace industry, telecommunications, etc.), and is an important subfield of systems engineering. Concerning the main sub-fields constituting the engineering of control systems, they are as follows: Linear control, Nonlinear Control, Optimal control, Robust control, Adaptive control, Predictive control, Intelligent control, PLC-DCS-SCADA in control, Robotics and its tools.
For more details and information about this subject, I suggest you to see links on topic.
Yes it can be a good choice, besides that it should be noted that the sub-fields of engineering are underlying and interactions are quite strong between them.
The field of Control Engineering is a very broad domain as pinpointed by the colleagues in their statements and provided sources above. It is considered one of the sub-domains of mechanical engineering and has myriad of applications beyond mechanical engineering, e.g. chemical processes, technological processes, etc.
One of the interesting areas where control engineering knowledge and skills play utmost important role is mechatronics that encompasses mechanical engineering, computer science (programming), electrical engineering (electronics). So if you are going to pursue this subject domain, your qualifications will be in high demand for the job market.
The fields related to control engineering includes mechatronics, mechanical, electrical, process, energy. Physics aeronautical engineering, safety engineering, instrumentation and control
Electronics engineering and computer engineering are at the center of control engineering and must be included in the related fields because they provide the processors, the machine programming and even the analog devices involved in the implementation of control laws
The manual control system is a control system where humans become part of the control system. The role of humans is very dominant in carrying out orders, so that the results of control will be influenced by the perpetrator. In this manual control system is also included in the category of closed trap control system. The hand functions to adjust the fluid surface in the tank. The fluid surface in the tank acts as input, while the sight acts as a sensor. The operator's role is to compare the actual current height with the desired fluid level, and then act to open or close the valve as an actuator to maintain the desired surface state.
B. Automatic Control System
An automatic control system is a control system where humans are not part of the control system. The role of humans is replaced by a controller system that has been programmed automatically according to their function, so that they can act as humans do. In the modern industrial world, there are many control systems that utilize automatic control, especially for industries whose processes endanger the safety of human life.
C. Forward Feed Control System (Open Loop Control)
Open loop control or open loop control is a system whose output has no influence on control action. That is, the output open control system cannot be used as feedback in the input. Open loop control systems or feed forward (feed forward control) generally use a controller and control actuator which are useful for obtaining a good system response. The output of this control system is not recalculated by the controller. A state whether the plant has actually reached the target as desired input or reference, cannot affect the performance of the controller.
D. Feedback Control System (Close Loop Control)
Close loop control or closed loop control is a control system whose output signal has a direct influence on the control action. The drive error signal, which is the difference between the input signal and the feedback signal (which can be an output signal or an output signal function or its derivative, is fed to the controller to minimize errors and get the system output close to the desired value.
Hamza Rashid On a practical level, a controls engineer should also be very familiar with mechanical and electrical engineering. Being able to understand how the individual components of a piece of mechanical equipment function, and their limitations, is crucial to effective control system design.
As an example, if you are designing a motor control function that requires a mechanical device to translocate from a resting position to a final position, and then return to the resting position you need to understand: 1) how the motor driving the device starts, moves, and then stops; 2) how the mechanical characteristics will assist or resist the movement.
Understanding the mechanical and electrical characteristics will allow you to take into consideration the acceleration and deceleration of the motor and the momentum of the mechanical device. Once you have that understanding you can determine what sensors will be required and the parameters that will need to be monitored to allow the control system to perform the movement accurately and precisely.
This is a very simple example but I hope it helps to show how a diverse knowledge will assist in becoming or training a top-level controls engineer.
Any idea for final year project of undergraduate mechanical engineering degree in the field of Additive manufacturing, Renewable energy, Heat transfer and thermodynamics or any emerging area related to Mechanical Engineering.
Hamza Rashid I work in the nuclear power field and I can suggest many projects in the areas you are interested. Heat transfer and thermodynamics are critical in nuclear reactors but an emerging concept for us is additive manufacturing. Our biggest concern with components used in a reactor is the quality of the parts. Many national laboratories are currently working on additive manufacturing technologies to produce high quality parts. I would suggest a project that can verify the internal quality of these parts that would qualify the parts for use in a reactor. It would be a project that could have immediate impact. Good luck on whatever project you finally chose.
Automation and mechatronics are a difficult topic in the nuclear field. Traditionally, control in a reactor was hard-wired, analog, and under direct operator control. But due to the fact that the analog controls are no longer being manufactured as commonly, digital controls with automation are becoming more common. I specialize in automation and I perform hazard analysis on safety-related systems. Our systems have become increasingly dependent on automation. The biggest difficulty is ensuring the software involved is as error free as humanly possible. As you know, software with any significant complexity cannot be verified 100%. As a result we have developed control systems using boolean logic to make it as simple as possible and easy to verify. We are also implementing the logic as "hard-wired" logic in FPGA rather than using a CPU and software. This eliminates many of the concerns of cybersecurity and inadvertent logic changes. So, my answer is yes, mechatronics plays an important role but it is not the type that you would find in many other industries.