What are the factors directly affecting the amount of organic matter in the soil and factor that can affect the rate of decomposition?
Количество и активность автотрофных микроорганизмов влияет на содержание органического вещества в почве.
На скорость разложения значительно влияют азотсодержащие минеральные удобрения, и выбор обработки почвы. Считается что Ноу-Тилл позволяет накапливать углерод. По нашим данным только мини-тилл позволял получать положительный баланс. Ноу-тилл и плужная отвальная вспашка вели к снижению.
The amount of organic matter in soil and the rate of decomposition are influenced by a variety of factors. Here are the key factors that directly affect each of these aspects:
Factors Affecting the Amount of Organic Matter in Soil:
Factors Affecting the Rate of Decomposition:
Understanding these factors is crucial for managing soil health, fertility, and carbon sequestration. Practices such as crop rotation, cover cropping, and composting can be utilized to enhance soil organic matter content and promote sustainable agriculture.
Soil organic matter improves soil structure and thus increases resistance to compaction. Practices such as in-row, non-inversion subsoiling minimize soil-surface disruption and organic-matter losses through decomposition. These practices are preferred over those that invert the soil to alleviate compaction. Salinity, toxicity and extremes in soil pH (acid or alkaline) result in poor biomass production and, thus in reduced additions of organic matter to the soil. For example, pH affects humus formation in two ways: decomposition, and biomass production. Inherent factors affecting soil organic matter include climate and soil texture and clay mineralogy. Climatic conditions, such as rainfall and temperature, and soil moisture and aeration affect the rate of organic matter decomposition.Parent material is the starting point for most soil development. The parent material may be mineral rock and/or organic matter. When parent rock material is exposed to the atmosphere or when organic matter and/or minerals are deposited on the earth's surface, soil formation begins. Soil organic matter (SOM) is the portion of soil that is composed of living and dead things in various states of decomposition, such as plant roots and microbes. Climatic conditions, such as rainfall and temperature, and soil moisture and aeration affect the rate of organic matter decomposition. Organic matter decomposes faster in warm, humid climates and slower in cool, dry climates.Decomposition of organic matter is largely a biological process that occurs naturally. Its speed is determined by three major factors: soil organisms, the physical environment and the quality of the organic matter. If the temperature is increased, the process is smoothly carried out and if the temperature is low, the process of decomposition is slow. The colder temperature decreases the rate of decomposition while warmer temperature increases the rate of decomposition.
The main factors affecting on the amount of organic matter and decomposition are soil type and texture, ph, salinity, microorganisms, temperature and type of plant
Inherent factors affecting soil organic matter include climate and soil texture and clay mineralogy. Climatic conditions, such as rainfall and temperature, and soil moisture and aeration (oxygen levels) affect the rate of organic matter decomposition. Soil organic matter levels generally increase as average annual precipitation increases. With more rainfall, more water i s available to plants, and more plant growth results. As rainfall increases, more residues return to the soil from grasses or trees. Soil organic matter improves soil structure and thus increases resistance to compaction. Practices such as in-row, non-inversion sub soiling minimize soil-surface disruption and organic-matter losses through decomposition. These practices are preferred over those that invert the soil to alleviate compaction. Climatic conditions, such as rainfall and temperature, and soil moisture and aeration affect the rate of organic matter decomposition. Organic matter decomposes faster in warm, humid climates and slower in cool, dry climates. One of the most significant factors of the human decomposition rate for a corpse is the climate in which it is located. The warmer the climate, the faster a body tends to decompose. The rate of decomposition is controlled by the chemical composition of detritus and climatic factors. Properties influenced by organic matter include: soil structure; moisture holding capacity; diversity and activity of soil organisms, both those that are beneficial and harmful to crop production; and nutrient availability. It also influences the effects of chemical amendments, fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides. Salinity, toxicity and extremes in soil pH result in poor biomass production and, thus in reduced additions of organic matter to the soil. As, pH affects humus formation in two ways: decomposition, and biomass production.If the temperature is increased, the process is smoothly carried out and if the temperature is low, the process of decomposition is slow. The colder temperature decreases the rate of decomposition while warmer temperature increases the rate of decomposition. For this process, moisture is required. Decomposition of organic matter is largely a biological process that occurs naturally. Its speed is determined by three major factors: soil organisms, the physical environment and the quality of the organic matter
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