A soliton (such as, KdV soliton) has to satisfy an infinite number of conservation laws. What are the physical names and significances of such solitonic conserved properties? Please explain elaborately with examples, illustrations and references.
A single soliton satisfies only one conservation law, the rest follow. An N-soliton solution satisfies N independent conservation laws, the rest follow. Consider a vector ODE d/dt (x) = A x, A is a matrix, x is a vector. Let A = BDB^{-1}, where D is in Jordan canonical form Then the solution of the ODE is x =B ext (At) B^{-1} x_0. The conserved quantities are the eigenvalues of A. It is somewhat similar with KdV and other integrable systems.