What are the differences between conceptual framework and theoretical framework in L2 research? And why some studies used a model or\and theory as framework, what is the difference between a model and theory?
Aisha Albadrani - Model and theory are two related but different from each other. The main difference between is that theories can be considered as answers to various problems identified especially in the scientific world while models can be considered as a representation created in order to explain a theory. A theory is a conceptualized framework. Model, on the other hand, is a physical, symbolical, or verbal representation of a concept which has been found in order to make the understanding of something clearer. One is aimed at generalized statements (theory) while the other is aimed as a helpful tool to understand specific phenomena (modeling). Another difference is, a model is often used to describe an application of a theory for a particular case. Sometimes it involves a given set of initial and boundary conditions.
A theory is more broad than a model.
A theory is composed of a group/collection of ideas aimed to explain something.
A model would be more representational. for example in engineering you can have an analytical/mathematical model that explains and estimates the behavior of a system. This is very different than a theory which shapes an understanding regarding a phenomenon.
Applied to a framework, a theoratical framework shapes our understanding of a phenomenon (it's processes and interactions).
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