From philosophical point of view, Classification point of view and GIS point of view. For example in a GIS software everything is treated as an attribute. In philosophy it is more difficult task. Please clarify
An attribute is a quality or character ascribed to or considered to belong to, or be inherent in, a person or thing. A property is a quality or characteristic belonging to a person or thing, with its original use implying ownership, and also either being essential or special. However, property is now used to mean a quality or characteristic in general without reference to its being essential or special. In many contexts, these words can now be used interchangeably.
In enterprise modeling in general (and concept- and information models in particular) properties of an entity is described by the use of attributes defined in terms of unit and allowed values. For example, a entity Person has the property length, which can be expressed in several different ways (193cm, 5"4', 1.93m) depending on the attribute used.
[data models] Nonspatial information about a geographic feature in a GIS, usually stored in a table and linked to the feature by a unique identifier. For example, attributes of a river might include its name, length, and sediment load at a gauging station.
[data models] In raster datasets, information associated with each unique value of a raster cell.
[graphics (map display)] Information that specifies how features are displayed and labeled on a map; for example, the graphic attributes of a river might include line thickness, line length, color, and font for labeling.
[ESRI software] In MOLE, aspatial information about a geographic feature in a GIS, usually stored in a table and linked to the feature by a unique identifier. For example, attributes of a force element might include its name and speed. Most MOLE attributes are what some military specifications refer to as labels or modifiers.
This is really a delicate issue. In experiments, it is safer to be definite and precise. When an object is blue, just say, "The object is blue." Fields of human endeavour use these words differently as in engineering, medicine, architecture, mathematics, law, et cetera. Attribute is more about feature while property is more about character. While we can change the features of a person or thing much more easily, character is not that easy to change. Character is part of what forms the REALITY of a thing, but feature is just like beauty and anything based on beauty soon as beauty, fades.
A good discussion about this topic can be found in the paper "Concepts, attributes and arbitrary relations: Some linguistic and ontological criteria for structuring knowledge bases" (Nicola Guarino, 1992)
Article Concepts, attributes and arbitrary relations: Some linguisti...