Present science as a way of finding out rather than as a body of facts to be memorized. Allowing learners to discover and to organize the information, equip them with problem-solving and decision-making skills. It also results in knowledge that is more easily remembered and recalled than rote learning.
Emphasize learning by doing A number of researches show that learners learn better when they are personally involved in physical or hands- on activities.
Encourage interactions among learners Give opportunities for students to work together in groups. Students who work together learn more from each other. They also develop their social and communication skills in the process.
Adapt science experiences to the learners’ developmental levels Learners differ on how they operate mentally. Therefore, you must arrange experiences that fit what they can do.
Use a variety of approaches in teaching science Students have different learning styles. To be more effective, you must be aware of their learning styles and you must consider them in choosing which teaching methods to use.
There are a number of features that must be possessed.
- Intelligence:
- The existence of internal motivation to learn
- Ability to make decisions
- Ability to transfer skills
- Ability to participate in teamwork
- Ability to display his knowledge in different ways
- Provide the appropriate environment
The Education Endowment Foundation in England has published an "Improving Secondary Science" guidance report, based on a review of the research evidence, that you might find of interest. https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/tools/guidance-reports/improving-secondary-science/
On the subject of learning styles:
"There is very limited evidence for any consistent set of learning ‘styles’ that can be used reliably to identify genuine differences in the learning needs of young people, and evidence suggests that it is unhelpful to assign learners to groups or categories on the basis of a supposed learning style." https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/evidence-summaries/teaching-learning-toolkit/learning-styles/
There are many methods and methods used in teaching science, including the following: [1] indirect methods: the acceptance of the views of students and encourage them and involvement in the educational process, where the teacher seeks to know the views and problems of students and try to solve, On the progress of achievement of students, and pointed out that the method of teaching one is not enough, but must be appropriate methods with different nature and mission of the teacher. The method of teaching based on praise and criticism: It means moderate and positive praise, where studies have shown that the increase in criticism by the teacher leads to a decline in the level of the student. Feedback-Based Instruction This method is one of the most important methods in self-learning methods, and its use is based on the student's positive impact. The method of teaching based on the use of student ideas, and this method is divided into five stages: extract the idea expressed by the student by noting the repetition of a group of names. Help the student develop the idea he understands by rephrasing the sentences by the teacher. Use the student's idea by the teacher to reach the results of the analysis. Find a link between the idea of the student and the teacher. Summarize ideas by student. Methods of teaching based on repetition of questions: This method aims to develop the speed of achievement and effectiveness of the student.
Please have a look at the link below:
Chapter Learner Characteristics
- Badges
- Science topic
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