What are the characteristics of Indian monsoons? And what are the conditions? What do climatologists answer?
Indian monsoons are the biggest concern for agriculture, economy and livelihood of billions of people in this country.
South Asia. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility of distinct sub-seasonal episodes in the locked phase
The annual cycle of the Indian monsoon. This study has objectively addressed this gap using the self-organizing map (SOM) method
Six distinct subseasonal phases are classified based on 850 hPa wind fields. Each sub-seasonal stage is between 23 and 90 days.
The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) consists of three subphases: ISM onset, ISM peak, and overall ISM withdrawal.
It accounts for 82% of the annual rainfall. The three sub-stages represent the rapid progress towards the north, dominance and
The gradual retreat of southwest winds from mid-May to early October. The winter monsoon also includes three
sub-phases (autumn, winter and spring), recognizable by the latitude of the high-pressure ridge of the Arabian Sea and hydrological
The conditions of this research suggest two compact indices based on regional winds in the north and south of the Arabian Sea.
Measure the winter and summer monsoons respectively. These indicators show development and rotation
Six phases are derived from SOM and can be used to monitor and predict sub-seasonal monsoons. Spring and the start of the ISM
Episodes are highly susceptible to the combined risks of drought and heat wave, while the greatest flood risk occurs during
The peak phase of the ISM, the autumn phase, reflects the peak season of tropical cyclones over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.
Prem Baboo added a reply: Professor from India:
Prem Baboo
B.Tech(Chemical Engineering),M.Sc(Ecology & Environments) M.Phil(environment Science),Executive M.B.ARetired from DGM (Production & Process) Dangote Fertilizers Nigeria and Sr. Manager National Fertilizers Ltd.India at The Institution of Engineers (India)
India:
There are four seasonal divisions in India, out of which two are monsoon divisions. This automatically makes us aware of the importance of Indian monsoon. Also, India is an agricultural country and the onset of monsoons in India mainly contributes to the country's GDP. A good monsoon brings an economic boom to the entire country and boosts India's economy as agriculture accounts for about 16% of its total GDP. High temperature and heavy rainfall in summer months are important for all kinds of kharif crops
Based on the time of year when these winds hit India, monsoons can also be divided into two periods:
1. Summer monsoons (May to September)
2. Winter monsoons (October to November)
Indian Monsoons, the world's most prominent monsoon systems, mainly affecting India and its surrounding waters. It blows from the northeast. At the equator, the region near India is unique in that prevailing or frequent westerly winds at the surface occur almost continuously throughout the year.
Indian monsoon features:
Dry spells and wet spells: Monsoon in India clearly has a wet phase and a dry phase, characterized by weeks in which there is no rainfall.
Uneven distribution: Monsoons are unevenly distributed and the peninsular part of India receives more rainfall than the plains.
Influence of Topography: Monsoons are influenced by topography. The western part of the Western Ghats receives heavy rainfall while the eastern side is deficient.
Fixed schedule: Monsoons in India usually have a fixed schedule. It usually starts by the first week of June and ends by September. Read more at: https://www.studyiq.com/articles/characteristics-of-indian-monsoon/
Sunil Meghwanshi added a reply
Master of Science in AgronomyResearch Scholar at Gyan Jyoti Groups of Institutes, Bhilwara
Bhīlwāra, India:
Indian monsoons are characterized by several key features:
1. Seasonality - Monsoons in India are highly seasonal, occurring in two main phases - the Southwest Monsoon (June-September) and the Northeast Monsoon (October-December). The Southwest Monsoon is the more significant of the two, bringing the majority of the annual rainfall.
2. Wind Patterns - Monsoons are driven by the reversal of wind patterns. During the summer months, warm, moist air from the Indian Ocean flows onto the Indian subcontinent, bringing heavy rains. In winter, the wind pattern reverses, with dry air flowing from the northeast.
3. Rainfall Distribution - Monsoon rains are not evenly distributed across India. The western coast, the Western Ghats, and parts of northeastern India receive the heaviest rainfall, while regions like Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat experience much drier conditions.
4. Importance for Agriculture - Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoon rains. The timely arrival and distribution of rainfall are crucial for crop growth, and variations in monsoon patterns can have significant impacts on agricultural productivity.
5. Variability - Monsoon rainfall patterns can vary significantly from year to year. Factors such as El Niño and La Niña events, as well as other atmospheric and oceanic phenomena, can influence the strength and timing of the monsoon, leading to droughts or floods in different parts of the country.
6. Economic and Social Impacts - The Indian economy, particularly the agricultural sector, is deeply affected by the performance of the monsoon. A weak monsoon can lead to water shortages, crop failures, and economic hardship for millions of people. Conversely, excessive rainfall can result in flooding and infrastructure damage.
Understanding and predicting the behavior of the monsoon is therefore of paramount importance for India's economy, food security, and overall well-being.
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