Refer to the standard Solid state physics by Charles kittle, and read the chapter on dielectrics, or other suitable books discussing the desired topic, you will find lots and lots of information on basic physics.
Naturally, i agree with all contributors and in addition to Kittel's book I recommend the book with the title : Solid State Physics by Neil Ashcroft and N. Mermin. However, if you need only a short overview, please take a look to the following link from Wikipedia :