Mustapha Allami It can be a wonderful cooparation between teacher-students and student-teachers that explore the world together and join forces to improve it. Thinkers like Paulo Freire, John Dewey and William Ayers can show the way.

Mustapha Allami-

The whole aim of the teacher should be facilitating the discussion and encouraging students' interaction and fostering discovery learning. However, this will necessitate the preparation of material, tasks, or a framework that engage students' learning. The approaches by the teacher used should aim at application of knowledge rather than learning factual knowledge and developing cognitive skills such as identifying problems, generating hypotheses, collecting evidence by making an enquiry plan, interpreting data, weighing evidence for and against a hypothesis, handling uncertainty and making decisions based on evidence.

Such tutorials should also aim at improving debate of an issue rather than arguments and enhancing non-cognitive skills such as effective communication skills, coming on time, mutual work, and appreciating the input of others.

Dear Mustapha Allami ,

Have a look at my coauthor Lenni Haapasalo 's work on seeing the classroom as a pit stop. This turns the classroom centred approach on its head.

Dear Mustapha Allami ,

From my perspectives, with the teaching trend in the world, student - centered approach is mainly focused on in order for learners to get knowledge and skills. What is more, teachers should sometimes cooperate it with learner - centered and teacher -centered flexibly to teach effectively.

Dear Mustapha,

I believe that from the perspective of Child Development, the should always be an interplay between the student and teacher's center approach. A child is able to learn best if he or she is given the time to explore the environment on his or her own user the guidance of an adult. This means that there should exist a continuous interplay between the two approaches through out the developmental course of children to enhance their cognitive and social emotional development.

One of the main issues in western education is its underlying orientation leading to a narrow conception of the "centerdness" of education. A change of mindset in our approach towards education is desperately needed. The aforementioned thinkers such as Dewey or Freire have laid out very useful practical approaches which are almost diametrically opposed to the currently established paradigm, some theoretical thinkers such as Edgar Morin (especially his 1999 UNESCO advice "7 complex lessons for education") or Kenan (e.g. "The missing dimension of modern education") are helpful to put these practical approaches in the current societal context which could prove a very beneficial and fruitful approach. Ideas from thinkers such as Illich (e.g. De-schooling society) are also worth considering in light of current technologies (of course with a lot of critical examination as some can be quite radical).

Another important linkage that needs to be emphasized environmental and current trends this will minimised mere reading and memorisation which dominate our today's classrooms.

without classroom none of these is possible. Classroom environment is consider in teaching and learning. Classroom is to be consider for better understanding.

In my opinion, especially for younger students, the classroom have to be centered on gamification to encourage the student and to make the teacher's classroom management easier and also it makes the teaching more efficiently...