1. Narrow AI: also known as weak AI or artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), is a type of AI that is designed to perform a specific task or set of tasks. for example Image recognition software , Chatbots , Self-driving cars , etc.
2. General AI: also known as strong AI or artificial general intelligence (AGI), is a hypothetical type of AI that would have the ability to understand and reason at the same level as a human being. It would be able to learn and apply its knowledge to any situation, and it would be able to solve problems creatively and independently.
3. Super AI: also known as artificial superintelligence (ASI), is a hypothetical type of AI that would be even more intelligent than a human being. It would be able to surpass human intelligence in all areas, including creativity, problem-solving, and social skills. ASI does not exist today, and it is not clear whether it is even possible to create such an intelligence.
There are four main types (not three) of AI as defined by Arend Hintze, researcher and professor of integrative biology at Michigan State University. They are as follows:
- Type I AI: Reactive machines
The most basic types of AI systems are purely reactive, and have the ability neither to form memories nor to use past experiences to inform current decisions. A chess playing machine like Deep Blue is an example of this. This allows the AI systems to play specific games better however, they can’t be easily changed or applied to other situations.
- Type II AI: Limited memory
This Type II class contains machines can look into the past. For example, most of the functions of self-driving cars are falling in this category which requires analysis of past data like speed, distance, location, etc.
- Type III AI: Theory of mind
- Type IV AI: Self-awareness
The final step of AI development is to build systems that can form representations about themselves. Ultimately, we AI researchers will have to not only understand consciousness, but build machines that have it.
Narrow or Weak AI:Narrow AI is designed to perform a specific task or a narrow range of tasks. It operates within predefined parameters and lacks general cognitive abilities. Examples include virtual personal assistants, image or speech recognition systems, and recommendation algorithms.
General or Strong AI:General AI refers to systems with the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a wide range of tasks, similar to human intelligence. It possesses cognitive abilities, reasoning, and problem-solving skills across various domains. Achieving true General AI remains a theoretical goal and is not yet realized.
Artificial Superintelligence (ASI):Artificial Superintelligence is an advanced form of AI that surpasses human intelligence in every aspect. It hypothetically possesses capabilities that go beyond the comprehension of human intellect. ASI is a concept associated with the potential risks and benefits of highly advanced AI, and its realization is currently speculative.
Learning in AI can fall under the types “narrow intelligence,” “artificial general intelligence,” and “super.” These categories demonstrate AI’s capabilities as it evolves—performing narrowly defined sets of tasks, simulating thought processes in the human mind, and performing beyond human capability. Then, there are four main types of AI as defined by Arend Hintze, researcher and professor of integrative biology at Michigan State University . They are as follows: