The first step involves the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (if it is expected to start from the latter). It consists of physical-chemical, chemical, mechanical, biological processes, etc. They are provided because they allow to make biomass more easily attacked by enzymes that are used in the subsequent hydrolysis step.
This is followed by the alcoholic fermentation with the use of bacteria or yeasts that have the function of converting the fermentable sugars obtained after the hydrolysis process in ethanol. Finally there is provided a distillation to recover ethanol from the fermentation products.
If you want you can read also others papers written by Prof. Mohammad Taherzadeh or Prof. Parameswaran Binod.
The bioethanol production procedure depends on the nature of the raw material used.
The ethanol production from sugars includes mainly steps such as fermentation and purification. The production from lignocellulosic materials includes in addition the degradation od such materials in fermentable sugars.
2. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass using commercial or in-house fungal produced cellulase
3. Ethanol fermentation of the sugars obtained after hydrolysis (either using simultaneous asaccharification and fermentation or separate hydrolysis and fermentation)
4. Distillation/ethanol recovery
You may follow our paper our paper, where you will find all the procedure and calculations in an easy to understand language
In addition to my colleagues, I suggest to take a look in the reference below, available for download in ResearchGate, where this subject is presented in the Chapter 3, 4 and 5, considering conventional and in bench technologies.
From sugar cane, sugar cane milling, fermentation of sugary liquid using sacharomynces and distillation. From corn, treatment with amylase, and subsequent fermentation of the product.