They help people convenience and flexibility to learn. but may exist cheating in academic learning.

I agree with Ali in that this is a difficult question. Not sure your definition of Hybrid but in my corporate world it's called blended learning: a combination of digital learning and face to face (F2F) learning. The key to this kind of approach is to present base content to get help the learner to an awareness and/or comprehension level in the digital part (usually eLearning aka online learning) of it and then in the classroom to focus on application of the learning - aka hands on learning. You can also supplement it with other types of digital learning like social networks, user generated content, etc.

Online (or generally in my world eLearning) means that all the content is online (which by definition is also a MOOC). There is no face to face component. We do a lot of online learning in corporate but generally speaking it is at an awareness or comprehension level. To take it to the application level takes more time and money so that is reserved for more hire risk/high reward topics. The advantage is that we can get a lot of people through the content and they can come away with some standardized basic knowledge of the topic plus its an anywhere, anytime option. It can also be an any device option as needed.

Another way to consider online is to look at virtual delivery (WebEx, GoToMeeting, etc,). It is digital but time based (as are MOOCs to a degree)

MOOCs are basically structured events with multiple components (reading, video, links to other content, discussion questions, quizzes, assignments that can be submitted online, etc.) and follow a sort of traditional higher education format. The content is chunked by weeks and spread out over time. The learner can take the content anytime during that week and can take past content, but can't work ahead. And, depending on the structure and resources, there can be a human component included in the form of virtual discussions with the trainer/teacher or human evaluation of an assignment that's been submitted, or individual responses from the trainer/teacher to discussion questions, etc.

Hybrid Pros

Better learning experience if structured properly

Reduction in travel costs (generally the F2F component can be taken from a week to a few days so travel costs are reduced)

Better use of learner time by focusing on application in the classroom - right media for right content

As with any online learning anywhere, anytime, any device for the digital part.

Below is not a definitive list and represents only my experience with these options.

Hybrid Cons

Getting learners to consume the pre-work before coming to class can be difficult.

Not all content lends itself to this approach

Resisting the urge to review/go over the pre-work in the F2F session

Not available on demand, at the point of need (important in corporate as learning is most impactful when the learner can access it at the point of need)

Online Pros

Nowdays, pretty easy to create (but depends on tools available and skill of resources using them) and pretty inexpensive to add media like audio, video, images, etc which enhance the learning experience

Anywhere, anytime, any device

Learner experience can be good if designed well

Quizzes can be given, tracked and scored, content accesses can be tracked, etc. In other words, it can be easy to get consumption metrics (who took it, how many took it, what did they see, etc.)

Online Cons

Not all content is good for this type of delivery - thinking brain surgery specifically (hee, hee)

The learning experience can also be dismal - meaning the content is all words or poorly structured or the learner is forced lock step through the content or is just plain confusing and there's no way to ask a question.

There is a need to have a system to deliver the content, in my world called a Learning Management System or LMS, and someone needs to know how to create content that can be delivered through this system as well as how to use the system

MOOC Pros

Each "week" consists of microlearning content (reading, videos, podcasts, etc.) and mini-activities (assignments, discussion questions, quizzes, etc.) that can be consumed anytime, anywhere, any device for the period of time the contnet is available.

Can help learner get to application of learning (assignments, discussions) vs. just awareness/comprehension level

The learning experience can be good because no item it too long and there is a great variety of types of content.

There can be a human component included although it is usually provided digitally.

For many learners, the time-based structure of the program is very helpful to keep them on track.

Can be easy to create as the content elements usually exist or can be easily created.

Can be made available to hundreds, thousands, or hundreds of thousands of students.

Usually presented free or for a nominal cost.

MOOC Cons

Not all content is a good fit for this type of delivery

Easy to add too many or irrelevant components which can make the learning experience difficult - need to carefully structure components to match learning objectives

Need system specific to the delivery of this type of program. Not all LMSs can handle type of content delivery

There can be human involvement and yes, it takes time for these resources to be meaningfully involved

A majority of learners that start (especially free programs) do not complete the program

Too many people may make the human involvement (trainer, teacher, grad assistant, other support) VERY time consuming.

Hope all the above gives you food for thought.

Hi!

First, this is primarily "teaching modes", not "learning modes", and intended to scaffold and enable more and better learning, but I think it is important to not ignore the most important step, the one between teaching and learning.

Otherwise, i think that what ICTs primarily does, besides lowering informational friction, is to enable adaptation to learners needs. This can be from the teaching side; to inspire and enable variables modes to study, and from the student side, to find a strategy and a media and communication mix to enable own learning towards learning objectives (own or course objectives or mix). This is often not exactly in line with what is offered in the course, it goes well outside that.

And - a recommendation: It is easier and clearly more sustainable to look at "blended", "hybrid" etc from a social time perspective, synchronous and asynchronous modes of teaching/learning in a course, instead of thinking of blending what is digital and what is not, or here or at a distance. See attached paper.

Also bring in all technology used in the teaching design; books, papers etc are also technology, and went through their own blending process once. See my blog post; A back to basics thought experiment about blended learning.

Research A back-to-basics thought experiment about blended learning

Article A time based blended learning model

I strongly appreciate MOOC. I think in future online teaching will be the most preferred method. Even for the medical teaching 80% of the theory component can be easily delivered by online teaching. Thank you and regards.

Online courses have been the subject of much research and analysis over the past 15 years. Course structure, faculty and student workload and the characteristics of the ideal student for an online course have all been topics of research, study and debate. This study examines the question of "what is the ideal online student?" An open-ended question administered with the final examination-"what advice would you give to a student entering this course?"-was answered by 378 M.ed students (248 males, 130 females) at one karaikudi, Alagappa university over a period of three years (2015-2018) in four different types of quantitative online courses taught by six different instructors. Each answer was scored using the English Regressive Imaginery Dictionary, a content analysis coding scheme designed to measure conceptual thinking based on certain key