Effective vegetation restoration in degraded arid and semi-arid ecosystems involves a multifaceted approach, including revegetation, water management, and soil health improvement. This includes planting drought-tolerant native species, implementing water harvesting techniques, and using practices like contour farming and cover crops to enhance water infiltration and soil retention.
Restoring vegetation in degraded arid and semi-arid ecosystems is a major ecological challenge due to limited water availability, poor soil fertility, and harsh climatic conditions. However, a number of effective methods—grounded in ecological science and practical restoration experience—have proven successful. These can be grouped into biophysical techniques, ecological strategies, and socioeconomic or participatory approaches.