The question is related to the International Marketing or Global Marketing which you find a lots of topics about these practices.

Actually, all of the practices are in the line of GNP reinforcement in which the corporate governance leads to develop it by some tools such as customs, nationalism, expropriation, tariff restrictions,  facilitate export, value added exports and etc.

corporate governance practices are a set of principles or norms that are related to the internal management of companies. The implementation of corporate governance practices seek to address deficiencies in the corporate legal system of business management , ownership models or stakeholder rights.

Most countries have a code of corporate governance , which has to be followed by public listed company

Anne,

The 4 words practice, code, guidelines and principles appear many times in CG literature:

1.       The CG guidelines by capital markets authority in Kenya issued in 2002 and replaced in 2015\2016  splits the code into 2 section- “Principles of Good Corporate Governance Practices” and another section reads “Recommended Best Practice”. The recent cg blue print (2015\2016) introduces best practice in the areas of board operations and control, shareholder rights and minority shareholder protection and transparency and disclosure. You will find  “practices” listed in these documents. You can obtain additional information from:

1.Outa, E. & Waweru, N. (2016). “Corporate Governance Reforms and Firm Performance: Kenya Listed Companies”. Managerial Auditing Journal, Vol. 31, No. 8/9 pp. 891-914.

2. Outa, E. (2017), “The impact of Corporate governance on Earnings Management: Empirical evidence from East Africa”, Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies (JAEE) (forthcoming) also found on (www.aidea2013.com).

3. Outa, E. & Waweru, N. (2018). “Security Market Regulation: Antecedents for Capital Market Confidence in Frontier Markets”. forthcoming Accounting Research Journal (ARJ).

 Please go to  www.cma.or.ke for some of the practices

2.       Generally, around the world, some of the 5 CG best practices we read about include:

        i.            Build a strong, qualified board of directors and evaluate performance

      ii.            Define roles and responsibilities. Establish clear lines of accountability among the Board, Chair, CEO, Executive Officers and management

    iii.            Emphasize integrity and ethical dealing

     iv.            Evaluate performance and make principled compensation decisions

       v.            Engage in effective risk management

There isn’t much difference between these 4 words in reality.

 Best

Erick Outa

Anne,

It appears you are looking at CG practices in a marketing context. It is not a common practice so you may just have to be innovative  for example how would effective risk management apply in a marketing context, how would integrity and dealing happen in marketing and how would you evaluate performance and make principled compensation.

good luck

Erick Outa

Look at the publication by Charreaux and his colleagues for an overview of practices : media, audit committees, among many others governance mechanisms.

Regards.

Anne,

Thanks for clarifying that you interest is CG practices and competitive advantage in private universities. Is this a quantitative or a qualitative study? CG practices and competitive advantage is a well-trodden area in organization behavior literature. You may want to look at family controlled firms where some of the private universities may be found. Recent attempts to identify the basis of family-controlled firms’ competitive advantage have drawn upon the resource-based view of the firm. There are arguments that family-controlled firms’ competitive advantage arises from their system of corporate governance. Systems of corporate governance embody incentives, authority patterns, and norms of legitimation that generate particular organizational propensities to create competitive advantages and disadvantages. The impact of a family's control rights over a firm's assets generates three dominant propensities (parsimony, personalism, and particularism). These propensities give advantages in scarce environments, facilitate the creation and utilization of social capital, and engender opportunistic investment processes. Please read:

1.       Carney, M. (2005), “Corporate Governance and Competitive Advantage in Family-Controlled Firms”, Entrepreneurship and Theory, Volume 29, Issue 3 ,Pages 249–265.

You may also want to look at a framework that can help you analyze the work you are engaged in. Please read:

1.       He, J. Mahoney, J.& Wang, H. (2010), “Firm capability, corporate governance and competitive behavior: a multi-theoretic framework” Int. J. Strategic Change Management, Vol.

https://www.business.illinois.edu/josephm/Publications/He_Mahoney_Wang_IJSCM.pdf

There are also other resources that point to CG and competitive advantage

1.     Qatawneh, A. (2015), “The Impact of Corporate Governance in Achieving Competitive Advantage- A Field Study of Jordanian Pharmaceutical Companies”, European Journal of Business and Management Vol.7, No.35,

2.       Graham Beaver, (1999) "Competitive advantage, corporate governance and reputation management: The case of Marks & Spencer", Journal of Communication Management, Vol. 4 Issue: 2, pp.185-196, https://doi.org/10.1108/eb023518

Good luck with your project.

Erick Outa

@ Erick Outa,

The information you have provided is very helpful and points me in the right direction for my research, thank  you very much and especially for the resources I can look through. Should I need further information, I will contact you directly.

Market competition is considered an important factor of the external mechanisms of corporate governance. Institutions including universities seek to attain competitive advantage through full involvement of this factor.

https://www.amazon.ca/Handbook-Board-Governance-Not-Profit/dp/1118895509

Aguilera, R. & Cuervo-Cazurra, A. (2009). Codes of Good Governance. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17(3), 376-387.

Aguilera, R. & Jackson, G. (2003). The Cross-National Diversity of Corporate Governance: Dimensions and Determinants. Academy of Management Review, 28(3), 47-65.

key effective corporate governance practices

• Governance Frameworks.
• Governance Documentation.
• Policies in line with law and applicable regulations.
• Documenting processes and procedures.
• Effective board reporting.
• Agenda and minutes.
• Director training and board evaluations.
• Subsidiary governance policies.

Broadly, the term describes the processes, practices and structures through which a company manages its business and affairs and works to meet its financial, operational and strategic objectives and achieve long-term sustainability.