Two methods recognized by several authors to take microbiological samples of paper documents ensuring its integrity. A: using a cotton swab soaked with saline. A: using nitrocellulose membranes. What is more feasible ?.
I recommend you the use of membranes. It is demonstrated that with cotton swabs you just take the very superficial, mostly airborne microorganisms, but not really those affecting the material. With membranes, you can cover more surface and the sampling is more accurate. There are different kind of membranes (nitrocellulose, polycarbonate and nylon). Please take a look at our publication: Piñar G, Tafer,H, Sterflinger K Pinzari K. Amid the possible causes of a very famous foxing: molecular and microscopic insight into Leonardo daVinci’s self-portrait. Environmental Microbiology Reports (2015) 7(6), 849–859, where we show results concerning this matter.
I recommend you the use of membranes. It is demonstrated that with cotton swabs you just take the very superficial, mostly airborne microorganisms, but not really those affecting the material. With membranes, you can cover more surface and the sampling is more accurate. There are different kind of membranes (nitrocellulose, polycarbonate and nylon). Please take a look at our publication: Piñar G, Tafer,H, Sterflinger K Pinzari K. Amid the possible causes of a very famous foxing: molecular and microscopic insight into Leonardo daVinci’s self-portrait. Environmental Microbiology Reports (2015) 7(6), 849–859, where we show results concerning this matter.