@ Aparna Sathya and @ Mohamed Abdel-Nasser

Thank you for response.

Referring to "A Survey on Methods and Strategies on Touched Characters Segmentation", touching state is occur when two adjacent characters are typed too close to each other. The author sum up six categories of touching: single point touching,ligature touching, multiple points touching , overlaps, noise and broken. These character may be neighbored horizontally (left/right) or vertically (up down).

Here are some examples from IFN/ENIT and AHDB datasets show touching characters in Arabic words.

Thank you in advance

Aparna Sathya Murthy Nice Idea. I will prepare and add it.

Touching character Examples illustrated in table as attached PDF file.

Please look at my survey on this topic. I hope it will help you. Article A survey on Arabic character segmentation