Dariusz Prokopowicz

The lack of access to clean drinking water and sanitation facilities is one of the most serious global issues affecting millions of people around the world. These problems not only jeopardize people's health but also have a profound impact on socio-economic development. People without access to safe water and sanitation are at higher risk of infectious diseases such as cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and other waterborne and hygiene-related illnesses.

According to estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), about 2 billion people worldwide lack access to safe water, and over 4 billion people lack adequate sanitation facilities. This results in over 800,000 deaths annually from preventable diseases such as diarrhea and other infections.

In addition to endangering health, the lack of clean water and sanitation has a significant economic impact. Disrupted water supply systems and unhygienic conditions lead to higher treatment costs, loss of workforce due to illness, and reduced productivity. Furthermore, this issue prevents many people from being able to access education or work, as time spent collecting water or recovering from illness severely limits opportunities for personal and economic growth.

Social and economic inequalities are further exacerbated in regions lacking basic water and sanitation infrastructure, as those who are already socially and economically vulnerable suffer the most. If this problem is not addressed, it can lead to long-term consequences for overall societal development and make it more difficult to achieve sustainable development goals.

Therefore, ensuring access to clean water and sanitation is a fundamental prerequisite for health, well-being, and sustainable development for all people on the planet.

It is a fundamental problem, and the main issue is the mismanagement and the lack of infrastructure, especially in developing countries and rural communities.

That is indeed a serious problem considering the fact that Human body is almost 60% which could vary between 45-75. The sustenance of human body is on water required for many physiological activities of human body. Secondly, sanitation is another important issue - this is throwing out the waste generated in the body....accumulation of this could be dangerous - leads to hydrostatic and osmotic imbalances and increased intracranial pressure and exacebration of neurological diseases - Epilepsy/Alzheimer's

It is not just a serious problem, it is a pressing problem. Because the presence of seas and oceans is not an indicator that coastal countries also have enough sources of clean drinking, fresh water. Many African countries are a clear example of this. Where there is not enough water to quench thirst, will hygiene and sanitation standards be observed? Of course not. As a result of the lack of water, this is the gradual desertification of territories ... the consequences of which we are all well aware of.

We could not understand until we connecting dots to dots. Scientist, academician and engineers had delivered many experts dots of securing water and wastewater. As industrialization activities recharging countries GDP's, wastewater treatment and drinking water treatment will be a cost forever. Some countries had dedicated driven mandate such as dedicated ministries of environment to securing all experts dots. We could gain best research data around the world, but at the end it up to countries leadership. Scientist, academician and engineers shall continue presenting their thought towards world's SDGs highlighted by United Nation (UN) and World Health Organization (WHO).

The effects of lack of clean drinking water can extend well beyond the boundaries of regions where there is lack of clean drinking water; as some of the diseases associated with these conditions may be diseases that are readily transmissible and even cause epidemics that can spread out from the affected region; I think possibly even can increase risk of global pandemic.

It is necessary to quantify the lack of access to clean drinking water in order to find ways to solve this problem.

The water stress is a situation of lack of water of satisfactory quality and quantity to meet the needs of people and the environment, which is observed at a water supply level of 1,600 cubic meters per year per person;

The water crisis is a current and chronic shortage of safe and sufficient drinking water and sanitation, which is a serious obstacle to food production, economic development and the protection of natural systems, with a high number of cases of water-related diseases, which is observed at a water supply level of less than 740 cubic meters per year per person;