Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, the work force concentration around the new job opportunities in cities started to increase. Instead of a multi hour commute workers would live in informal housing closer to their job and bring their families if they have any. This would create the first issue discussed, slums, which leads to housing with no sound infrastructure as it was not planned by experienced professionals . One of the famous examples was around London in the 19th century. Having experiences in these problems, developed countries realized the severity of these issues and made measures to prevent them from happening. However, in developing nations, the lack of understanding and experience in these issues opens the door for mistakes in manipulating the urban densities. Due to these nations’ lack of resources and knowledge, they get side tracked by rapid development to reach unsustainable goals. Political and economic instability inc the risk of new developments being neglected or rushed, thus, playing a major role in creating slums around the new developments, or in other instances, the lack of proper infrastructure to serve the new population density and their demands, creating disparities leading to all sorts of problems like the ones being discussed.

In an effort to address and solve these problems, fast and unsustainable short term goals should not be pursued. Instead, the focus should be on improving the sustainability and integration of current infrastructures. In case of new development, it should evolve with the inhabitants in mind, providing quality infrastructure, renewable or sustainable resources, equitable distribution of opportunities and room for future growth and development.

Rapid and unsustainable urbanization in developing countries, as evidenced by the case of Tehran-Iran, leads to several critical issues: the formation of slums due to inadequate planning and infrastructure, environmental pollution from inefficient land use and reliance on private cars. To address these problems and promote sustainable urban development, cities should focus on effective spatial planning, investment in infrastructure, particularly in transportation networks, and the adoption of sustainable land use and transportation policies. Additionally, integrating green spaces, promoting renewable energy, and using smart technologies can help cities develop according to the principles of sustainable, green smart cities (For example, the province of Manitoba with hydroelectric power in the Canadian Prairie region). Finally, targeted investments in slum areas to improve living conditions and accessibility are essential to lift residents out of poverty and reduce crime. By implementing these strategies, cities can achieve sustainable development and improve the quality of life for their residents.(All related studies can be viewed on the ResearchGate profile and Google Scholar page).

Rapid urbanization significantly contributes to various urban problems, including the rise of slums, inadequate infrastructure, increased crime, and social inequality. The extent to which these issues manifest depends on factors like governance, urban planning strategies, economic conditions, and population growth rates