Recent data has come up which has suggested that lower expression of TLR4 is associated with increased risk of chronic UTI.
Article Association of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Gene Polymorphism and Ex...
The results of this study show that TLR4 expression in patients with chronic UTI is significantly lower than that in the control and acute pyelonephritis groups, suggesting that chronic UTI can be the result of reduced TLR4 expression, thereby effectively inducing innate immune response.