- In Iraq, Turkey's construction of dams on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers has been a significant concern. The dams, including the Ataturk Dam, reduce the flow of water downstream, which can have a significant impact on the Mesopotamian Marshes, agriculture, and the environment in Iraq. Additionally, the construction of dams in Turkey can lead to changes in the timing and volume of water flows, which can further exacerbate the water crisis in downstream areas.
- Climate change is another significant factor contributing to the water crisis in Iraq. Rising temperatures and changing weather patterns are leading to increased evaporation rates and reduced precipitation, which further reduce the availability of water resources. The impact of climate change on the water crisis is particularly severe during the summer season when temperatures are at their highest.
- The effects of the water crisis on the marshes, agriculture, and the environment in Iraq are significant. The Mesopotamian Marshes, which were drained and damaged in past, have been slowly restored over the years, but the water crisis is making it difficult to maintain the water levels needed to sustain the wetlands. Agriculture is heavily impacted, with reduced crop yields, increased food insecurity, and loss of income for farmers. The water crisis has also had severe environmental impacts, including soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, and increased desertification.
On Water Risks & Water Security in the Arid region. See the book "Besbes, M.; Chahed, J.; Hamdane, A. (2014). Sécurité hydrique de la Tunisie, Gérer l'eau en conditions de pénurie. Ed. L'Harmattan". Chapters are available within the references of the present project: https://www.researchgate.net/project/SHT-Securite-Hydrique-de-la-Tunisie-Tunisias-Water-Security
Unfortunately, we do not have yet the right to share the updated English version of the book:
Besbes, M., Chahed, J., & Hamdane, A. (2019). National water security: Case study of an arid country: Tunisia. Springer International Publishing.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356907618_National_Water_Security_Case_Study_of_an_Arid_Country_Tunisia
The National Security Conceptual Model has been generalized to arid and semi-arid countries and in particular to the Maghreb countries:
Besbes, M., Chahed, J., & Hamdane, A. (2019). Food and water management in Northwest Africa. The Oxford Handbook of Food, Water and Society, 426.
To be requested on: https://www.researchgate.net/post/Scientific_Watch_on_Water_Scarcity_IndicatorsPublisher: Allan, T., Bromwich, B., Keulertz, M., & Colman, A. (Eds.)
French version available on:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357016786_Securite_hydrique_et_securite_alimentaire_dans_la_region_de_l'Afrique_du_Nord-Ouest
Related topics are discussed within the following threads: https://www.researchgate.net/post/National_Water_Security_in_Water-Scarce_Countries https://www.researchgate.net/post/Water_Footprint_Water_Colors_Blue_Water_Green_Water_Grey_Water_Virtual_Water https://www.researchgate.net/post/Scientific_Watch_on_Water_Scarcity_IndicatorsPublisher: Allan, T., Bromwich, B., Keulertz, M., & Colman, A. (Eds.)
Join the "Middle East Green Initiative" and start replanting native trees, plus the wildflowers and native grasses underneath. The native plants will help insulate the soil and change the dew point, so that when moisture goes over, it creates rainfall instead of high humidity. See the opening session on You Tube at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO8PcbxOu0Y
The plan for the 24 countries is to plant 50 BILLION trees, and the Saudis started last year at the rate of one million PER WEEK.
The Saudis are also going to do cloud seeding, which you hear in the opening statement by His Majesty the Prince of Saudi Arabia, and I would recommend that also.
Also, set aside million of hectares of the barren desert, to do the replanting of the natives, as "Ecological Restoration Preserves" which the Saudis did in 2010 when they set aside 200 million hectares for that purpose, where no grazing was ever allowed in the future.
Read my 2002 proposal that got the Saudi government to start this process at https://www.ecoseeds.com/cool.html
Ultimately, the concept should be, that the native plants sequester carbon, that produce carbon credits, that are then used to sell oil to Europe that is already Carbon Neutral, like when Occidental Petroleum soil 2 million barrels to India that way, with Carbon Offsets.
Louis Pasteur: "We drink 90% of our illnesses". This recent paper demonstrates by the example of Sudan [1], the sanitary importance of urban water. This example shows that the issue of "Water Security" should be raised as a matter of "National Security" concern. The findings of this research are in this respect edifying particularly in defining a Drinking Water Security Index (DWSI). One may read at the very end of the conclusion: "These findings may provide important information for policy makers and stakeholders in the health and water sectors in Sudan to improve public health and better prepare for future climatic changes. Future similar studies aimed at optimizing the EmONC network, and particularly in the drier countries of the Sahel, could benefit from additional insight coming from DWSI"
[1] Simonin, V., Vaghefi, S. A., Abdelgadir, Z. M., Eltayeb, D., Sidahmed, M. A. M., Monet, J. P., & Ray, N. (2022). Present and Future Drinking Water Security and its Impacts on Maternities: A Multi-scale Assessment of Sudan. Preprint available on:
https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202210.0461/download/final_file
See also references within the references on the following Project (10 Chapters) https://www.researchgate.net/project/Urban-Hydrology-and-Hydraulics-Hydrologie-et-Hydraulique-urbaines
The Water Security and Sustainable Development Hub is a five-year project improving water security for a resilient future. This kind of alternative academic approach is in a position to make concrete progress in multidisciplinary participative programs for sustainable resource management "water resource" for instance
Water security – a sustainable and adequate quantity and quality of water – is essential to human life, food and energy security, health and well-being, and economic prosperity. Yet nearly eighty percent of the world’s population live in areas where water security is thwarted by pressures such as climate change, conflict, ecosystem damage, extreme weather, gender inequalities, land degradation, over-abstraction, pollution, poor governance and uncontrolled urbanisation. The Hub brings together an international team to address these threats and contribute towards achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation).
See more on:
https://www.watersecurityhub.org/
- Badges
- Science topic
- Similar topics
- Agriculture
- Horticulture
- Seeds