For example, if the superconducting volume fraction from magnetic susceptibility measurement is 70 %. How is the remained 30% of the fraction? Is it due to the impurity or any other possibility?
70% 30% Sc-Vol fraction
This is a kind of partial superconducting state (mixed state) which appeared in a certain material. In other word, the material did not expel the existing magnetic field as it cooled. Why, they pin the magnetic flux lines due to the impurity.
As 70% are superconducting (can be measure from ZFC-FC to ideal state of -1 value) the rest may be contributed by impurity such as vacancy. Vacancy can mess the suoerconducting state as they posses a negative potential (check this by doing fourier diff maps and MEM 2 D). Moreover This will be indicated by a positive trace of field cooling line. To observe it deeper, we can study their magnetic structure, are they in single or double k-structure (refers to their magnetic phase). We can decide precisely in which the rest 30% are really from impurity or not.
May this helpfull.
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