after airbrushing or drop-casting the catalysts on the GDL like carbon paper, why we need to dry the GDE for 5 or 24 hours?
Dear Angjian Wu thank you for asking this technical question. I'm sure you would receive some more qualified answers if you tried to avoid lab jargon and abbreviations. According to Wikipedia, GDL can have the following meanings:
- Game Description Language
- Generalized distributive law
- Genomics Digital Lab, a series of educational games
- Geometric Description Language
- Gesture Description Language
- GNU Data Language
- Google Developers Live
- Dirasha language
- Gas dynamic laser
- Gateway Distriparks, an Indian logistics company
- Gewerkschaft Deutscher Lokomotivführer, a German trade union
- Glucono delta-lactone, a food additive
- Godley railway station, in England
- Graduate Diploma in Law
- Graduated driver licensing
- Guadalajara International Airport, in Mexico
- Gas diffusion layer of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell
- Grand Duchy of Lithuania
I assume that you mean gas diffusion layer, but I'm not sure this is clear to all RG members who read this. In any case it would be helpful if you could specify the experimental conditions in a little more detail. I will then be glad to give you a more specific answer.
Good luck with your work and best wishes!
Frank T. Edelmann dear prof. Edelmann, thank you very much for your suggestion. Herein, we use carbon paper or ptfe as gas diffusion layer, used as substrate of catalysts for CO2rr. actually, We just started some pre-experiment according to some published paper, and find it is hard to repeat the result.
1. 12 mg commercial Cu or Ag nanopowder was firstly mixed with 4 mL ethanol, 40 mL nafion ionomer solution and then sonicated for 1 h in the water bath to produce a uniform ink.
2.Cu and Ag inks were mixed together with 1:2 volume ratio and then spray cast on carbon paper （gdl）with a spray gun.
3.After that, the fabricated electrode was stored in a vacuum desiccator overnight to remove residual ethanol.
so how to improve the current density maybe to at least 500mA/cm2?
Dear Angijan, thank you for your kind response and explanation. In the article cited below, the authors report that under optimized conditions their GDE enabled current densities of up to 200 mA/cm2 with a Faradaic efficiency of around 90 % toward formate formation:
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate at high current density using gas diffusion electrodes
Article Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate at high current ...
Please also have a look at the following very useful review article which provides an excellent overview on this topic:
Gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and dinitrogen to value-added products: a review
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2021/ee/d0ee03756g#!divAbstract
Reference 301 in this article refers to an original research article by Chen at al. who reported the highest formate production performance at 500 mA/cm2:
A Robust, Scalable Platform for the Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 to Formate: Identifying Pathways to Higher Energy Efficiencies
Article A Robust, Scalable Platform for the Electrochemical Conversi...
It is stated in the Abstract of this paper that "An up to 90% faradaic efficiency for the conversion of CO2R to formate at 500 mA/cm2 was realized at a 25 cm2 gas diffusion electrode (GDE) with a carbon-supported SnO2 electrocatalyst."
I think that's exactly what you are looking for. Please check if you have access to the full text of this paper through your institution.
Good luck with your work and best wishes, Frank Edelmann
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