Plant roots interact in soil with pathogenic and beneficial bacteria. Structural (cutin, suberin, callose, lignin) and chemical (camalexin, glucosinolates, coumarins) defense components act as gatekeepers of microbial colonization. They have been thoroughly characterized by restricting pathogens colonization, however, their role in the assembly of a beneficial root microbiome or in the selection of commensals in the rhizosphere remains underexplored. Here, we studied the microbiome composition in 16 soil-grown Arabidopsis mutants affected in structural or chemical defense components and in different compartments (soil-rhizosphere-root) using 16S rRNA sequencing. Compared to wild type (WT) plants, cutin, suberin or the export of aliphatic glucosinolates mutants displayed significantly altered microbiomes in all compartments, while mutants for indolic glucosinolates or coumarin biosynthesis showed differences only in the rhizosphere. In general structural defenses played a higher role in the endosphere microbiome assembly while chemical defenses a higher role in the rhizosphere, showing that plant mechanisms of microbial selection are compartment specific. When looking at specific bacterial taxa changed in the root compartment compared to WT, most bacteria belonged to the Oxalobacteraceae, while other bacterial families had more mutant-specific patterns and will be targeted in future analyses. Ultimately, we envision to unravel novel plant mechanisms of microbiome recruitment.
plants hot a mesmerizing diversity of microbes inside and around their roots, known as the microbiome is composed mostly of fungi, bacteria, oomycetes and archea that can be either pathogenic or beneficial for plants health and fitness. to grow healthy, plants need to surviel soil niches around the roots for the detection of pathogenic microbes and growth promotion we review the current understanding on the composition and activity of the root microbione communities. example are given on interaction that occur in the rhizosphere between plants and soilborne fungi, we also present some well established example of microbiome harnessing to highlight how plants manipulate their microbiome can aid in the design of next-generation microbial inoculants for targeted disease suppresion and enhanced plants growth.
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