There are a system of the physiologic (normal) narrowings and distentions in the human biliary tree (see the pictures below):

1) a cone-shaped zone narrows the distal common bile duct when it opens into the intestine resembling a convergent nozzle;

2) a cone-shaped zone ('neck') narrows the gall bladder in place where it and the cystic duct join together resembling a convergent nozzle too (when bile flows into the gall bladder lumen from the common bile duct);

3) the same cone-shaped zone of the gall bladder may act as a divergent nozzle when the dense, viscous bile flows out from it into the bile duct.

Under pathological conditions, each of the cones' apertures (or all of them) may become increased markedly. I'd like to learn more about possible hydrodynamic effects of these conditions even in some first approximation.

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