Phosphatase enzymes are a type of hydrolytic enzyme that play a critical role in the cycling of phosphorus (P) in soil. They catalyze the hydrolysis of organic P compounds to release inorganic phosphate, which can then be taken up by plants. Nitrogen (N) availability in the soil can affect the activity of phosphatase enzymes in a number of ways. One way that N availability can affect phosphatase enzyme activity is through its effects on microbial biomass and activity. Microbes are the primary producers of phosphatase enzymes in soil, and their activity is often limited by the availability of N. When N is limited, microbial biomass and activity decrease, which can lead to a decrease in phosphatase enzyme activity. Another way that N availability can affect phosphatase enzyme activity is through its effects on plant growth and nutrient uptake. Plants require both P and N to grow, and their demand for these nutrients can vary depending on their growth stage and environmental conditions. When N is limited, plants may allocate more resources to acquiring N, which can lead to a decrease in P uptake and a decrease in the demand for phosphatase enzymes. Generally, the relationship between phosphatase enzyme activity and N availability in soil is complex and can depend on a number of factors, including soil type, plant species, and environmental conditions. However, in general, N limitation can lead to a decrease in phosphatase enzyme activity, which can in turn affect the cycling of P in the soil and the availability of this nutrient for plant growth.
References:
Bünemann, E. K., Bongiorno, G., Bai, Z., Creamer, R. E., De Deyn, G., de Goede, R., ... & Oguejiofor, C. U. (2018). Soil quality—a critical review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 120, 105-125. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.01.030
Richardson, A. E., & Simpson, R. J. (2011). Soil microorganisms mediating phosphorus availability update on microbial phosphorus. Plant physiology, 156(3), 989-996. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.175448
Tarafdar, J. C., & Claassen, N. (1988). Organic phosphorus compounds as a phosphorus source for higher plants through the activity of phosphatases produced by plant roots and microorganisms: A review. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 5(4), 308-312. doi: 10.1007/BF00257924
Zhang, T., Zhang, X., & Shi, L. (2017). Phosphatase activity in rhizosphere soil of maize and its relationship with available nutrients. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 40(16), 2209-2216. doi: 10.1080/01904192.2017.1353310