If we are looking for new things, we must also have new perspectives.

We must first ask: what is a particle?

The particle is a mass independent of the environment. Mass is part of matter, not part of the material environment. This is the difference between a particle and a wave. Wave is a part of the material environment and is in fact a phenomenon that is produced and propagated in the material environment by the components of the material environment.

Here are some of the daily updates of the "Neomechanics" project related to this question. I hope it is useful to continue the conversation:

Quotation: "Part Two: The Basic Components (Particles) of Nature

The basic components of nature include two important parts: the basic components and the non-fundamental components. Each of these sections includes two types.

Fundamental components:

· Type one: They are also stable in the Free State. Such as electrons and protons. These components form the internal structure of matter.

· Type two: They are stable in the Free State but have a high speed. Like neutrinos. These components fill the material environment and cause collisions and dynamic balances.

Non-fundamental components:

· Type one: They are stable only in the structure of matter. Like quarks. These components create balance within the material.

· Type two: They are unstable. Such as photons and gauge bosons. These components create material actions and phenomena."

The antiparticle will be discussed later, if needed.

In my opinion, what are considered as antiparticles are in fact non-fundamental particles of type two.

Particles are related to anti-particles by charge conjugation. This isn't anything new, anymore.

The major point is related to some conservation laws like, charge, energy, baryon no.,lepton no., parity, isospin etc. The properties of particles and antiparticles can also be explained based on the nature of interactions( Strong/weak). Spin also plays a vital role.

Particles are formed by the orbital of an integer electric charge. Anti-particles are formed by the orbital of an integer electric charge of opposite sign. It is that simple, but theoretical physicists love to make the simple complicated. In this framework the diverse particles and anti-particles correspond to the diverse quantum states the electric charge can acquire. For example, the electron is the lowest quantum state |q> of the electric charge q. So, the muon, pion, kaon, etc. are just different quantum states of the integer electric charge q, with a higher mass than that of the electron.

Elementary particles with high mass decay to lower mass particles, process that just corresponds to the decay of the quantum state of upper mass to a lower one. In this context, elementary particles are considered to be shaped by a structural orbital traced by the electric charge, so their decay just expresses the transition of a given structural orbital to one of less mass. Since the structuring orbitals are quantized, each one is in a specific quantum state |q>.

Neutral particles are instead formed by a dipole in different quantum states.

Don’t let yourself be fooled by the extremely twisted and unrealistic QCD.

If we are looking for new things, we must also have new perspectives.

We must first ask: what is a particle?

The particle is a mass independent of the environment. Mass is part of matter, not part of the material environment. This is the difference between a particle and a wave. Wave is a part of the material environment and is in fact a phenomenon that is produced and propagated in the material environment by the components of the material environment.

Here are some of the daily updates of the "Neomechanics" project related to this question. I hope it is useful to continue the conversation:

Quotation: "Part Two: The Basic Components (Particles) of Nature

The basic components of nature include two important parts: the basic components and the non-fundamental components. Each of these sections includes two types.

Fundamental components:

· Type one: They are also stable in the Free State. Such as electrons and protons. These components form the internal structure of matter.

· Type two: They are stable in the Free State but have a high speed. Like neutrinos. These components fill the material environment and cause collisions and dynamic balances.

Non-fundamental components:

· Type one: They are stable only in the structure of matter. Like quarks. These components create balance within the material.

· Type two: They are unstable. Such as photons and gauge bosons. These components create material actions and phenomena."

The antiparticle will be discussed later, if needed.

In my opinion, what are considered as antiparticles are in fact non-fundamental particles of type two.

According to the Daon Theory: All particles are made up of electrons and positrons. If you exchange electrons and positrons you obtain their respective anti-particle.

JES

I think it is very important to pay attention to the following two points about particles:

• Possibility of being in free or restricted state
• Possibility of stability

How can a proton be considered a combination of electrons and positrons?

Dear Rashid Nasrolahpour

According to the Daon Theory and my analysis, the Proton is made by 8 positrons placed in the form of a cube and 6 electrons placed slightly in front of the cube's faces and finally, an electron is placed at the centre of the cube.

The strong interaction between the e- and e+ make their mass increase. Also in this specific geometry, the stability of all participants is surprisingly high.

JES

Thanks Dear Stellan Gustafsson ,

What happens to the electric charge of a proton?

It also normally requires about 2,000 electrons and a positron. How can this mass difference be compensated with just 14 electrons and a positron?

Rashid Nasrolahpour

The charge of the proton is just the sum of the charges contained, i.e. 8p+ - 7e-.

A charge is the radial force equilibrium around the electron or the positron.

The increase of mass comes from the compression of the radial equilibrium produced by the interaction between the constituents. This increase becomes significant at around the distance of the "nuclear force".

JES

Rashid Nasrolahpour

The radial force equilibrium penetrates throughout the surrounding space, without any difference if isolated or making part of a bigger particle.

JES

Thanks Stellan Gustafsson ,

7 electrons or 6 electrons? In the previous comment you said 8 positrons and 6 electrons.

You forgot the electron central electron.

JES

OK. Thanks.

Apparently these particles are static. Did I get it right?

Also do they have spin?

And is there a difference between proton-forming electrons and atomic electrons?

Rashid Nasrolahpour

Yes, this comes from a static simulation.

The spin is not introduced by the constituents but comes from the interaction between the proton with the surrounding media.

Finally, an electron is an electron. They differ only because of their interactions.

JES

Thank you very much, Dear Stellan Gustafsson ,

It was an interesting conversation.

There were similarities between this modeling and the model I have in mind for the atom, so it caught my attention. Of course, there are many differences.