Dear Hyong Woo Choi , if you want to use again (proposal: TB vs. another stain*#) for fungal structures ) Trypan Blue as the dye then

i) back to the roots: cf.:

Trypan Blue as a Stain for Fungi

K. B. Boedijn

Stain Technology, Vol. 31, 1956 - Iss. 3 Pages 115-116 | Received 17 Jan 1956, Published online: 12 Jul 2009 unfortunately access only as subscriber of Biotechnic and Histochemistry (BIH, cf. https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/ibih20/94/1 ) or via PPV (in ResGate:

• Article Trypan Blue as a Stain for Fungi

  , original Article see:

or cf: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/10520295609113788

Abstract (Copy&paste only for convenience of the reader in this thread):

" Trypan blue was tested for use in the study of fungi. It was found that it stained the cell wall of all fungi investigated. Two staining solutions were very satisfactory: (1) A quick-staining solution of 0.1-0.5% dye in 45% acetic acid; (2) A slow-staining solution of 0.1-0.5% dye in lactophenol. In both instances, heating the preparations quickened the action. "

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Fernández-Bautista, N., Domínguez-Núñez, J. A., Moreno, M. C. and Berrocal-Lobo, M. (2016). Plant Tissue Trypan Blue Staining During Phytopathogen Infection. Bio-protocol 6(24): e2078. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.2078.

Abstract (Copy & Paste only for convenience of the reader in this thread):

"In this protocol plant tissue is stained with trypan blue dye allowing the researcher to visualize cell death. Specifically this method avoids the use of the carcinogen compound chloral hydrate, making this classical method of staining safer and faster than ever. The protocol is applied specifically to detect cell death on Arabidopsis leaves during the course of infection with necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea.

Keywords: Trypan Blue staining, Plant cell death, Botrytis cinerea, Arabidopsis thaliana, Chloral hydrate"

DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.2078 | Published: Vol 6, Iss 24, December 20, 2016

cf: https://bio-protocol.org/e2078

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Liesche et al, 2015: Front. Microbiol., 11 February 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00107

Cell wall staining with Trypan blue enables quantitative analysis of morphological changes in yeast cells,

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00107/full

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*#) alternatives:

• Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) https://www.academia.edu/14738352/Staining_Techniques_and_Biochemical_Methods_for_the_Identi_fi_cation_of_Fungi , cf.. https://laboratoryinfo.com/lactophenol-cotton-blue-lpcb/
• https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-method-of-staining-fungi

• Chapter Laboratory Protocols in Fungal Biology

  (original Reference see: https:__//link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-2356-0_19 [NB;: before clicking the former URL, delete the underscore-characters in between https: and //link.springer.com....]
• https:__//onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1983.tb02841.x [NB;: before clicking the former URL, delete the underscore-characters in between https: and //onlinelibrary.wiley.com....], the pdf already stored and archived at:

  Article Leaf-clearing and staining techniques for the observation of...

Last but not least:

Are you aware of RG-Q/A-thread Archive:

• cf.: https://www.researchgate.net/post/Can_anyone_identify_these_fungal_structures_stained_with_Trypan_Blue
• https://www.researchgate.net/post/Which_stains_can_be_used_for_Staining_Fungi

EDITED some minutes after initial posting:

• Article New staining method for fungal-infected plant tissues

• = Marques et al, see original pdf: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2e7a/71b1c1185d7550ca352ff3011724a5590019.pdf

Just my proposals (not exhaustive!) as a start into solving the / your problem... NB: The choice of another dye /dye combination may depend on the fungus type and the host tissue (together with the conditions of retrieving your samples) you want to localize.

Best wishes and good luck...

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX "Man hilft den Menschen nicht, wenn man für sie tut, was sie selbst tun können."

You could stain the chitin/chitosan at the fungal cell wall with a variety of fluorescent dyes (ie. Uvitex2B, calcofluor, eosinY). Good luck!