Scenario: Randomly deployed sensor nodes with finite energy source each sensing some information from close surrounding and transmitting it to base station for further processing.

Problem formulation: Select some node as a cluster head such that they are energy rich and well distributed in the field. Well distributed so that they minimize the inter-cluster distance and energy rich so that they can be Cluster head for a long duration of time (highest energy node should be selected as cluster head in order to reduce the frequency of re-clustering because if the energy of cluster head goes below a threshold we will change the cluster head ).

I need a centralized algorithm which will be executed on Base Station and given the current location and energy state of all nodes it will select some node as cluster head, such that the cluster heads are well distributed and energy rich. The algorithm should balance both the factor in such a way that the energy of nodes must be saved up to the maximum possible level.