DearAll,

The progress with reforestation is slower than rate of depletion. Depletion of Mangrove Cover from Deltaic Ecosystem is going unabated on the East i.e. the Sundarbans & West of Indian Peninsula, i.e. Indus delta. Some reasons for depletion of the Mangrove forest are stated in my paper:

Research "Dam The Rivers & Damn the Land-Seas-Ocean Ecosystems" also available on ResearchGate.

The stated reasons are anthropocentric in character. Would you agree on some sort of mass extinction of the species because we seem to be in the middle of 30,000 year cycle related to mass extinction.

If so we seem to be fighting a losing battle by planting million samples at a time that is not conducive to their survival.

Mirza Arshad Ali Beg

My paper: "Dam The Rivers & Damn the Land-Seas-Ocean Ecosystems" also available on ResearchGate, holds man-made interventions to be mainly responsible for the loss of mangrove forest cover.

Some consideration should also be given to mass extinction of the species because we seem to be in the middle of 30,000 year cycle related to mass extinction. Since the mass extinction cycle is related to availability of appropriate quantum of energy and material it is quite likely that whatever is available naturally is inadequate for survival of the species. Six of the seven species that were abundantly available on the Pakistan coastline have either been lost or they are among the threatened species.

If so, are we not fighting a losing battle by planting million samples at a time that is not conducive to their survival.

Mirza Arshad Ali Beg

Dear All,

The stage is set for evolving some mechanism for survival when water bodies get polluted. The biota that survives under serious conditions of oxidative stress does so by genetic modification resulting from splitting of a certain allele under stress. The progeny of the surviving species will be genetically modified, if not they will perish under conditions of deficiencies of appropriate quanta of radiation, water and nutrients.

Mass extinction of the species follows an authentic cycle of 30,000 years; we seem to be in the middle of 30,000 year cycle. Since the mass extinction cycle is related to availability of appropriate quantum of energy and material it is quite likely that whatever is available naturally is inadequate for survival of the biota. Six of the seven species that were abundantly available on the Pakistan coastline have either been lost or they are among the threatened species.

No mitigation measure is appropriate under the conditions when development processes have to yield to unsustainable development. You must visit my Paper: Dam the River, damn the Deltas, Seas and Oceans.

Article Dam the Rivers & Damn the Seas & Oceans

Your opinion is needed on subject of dwindling population of species of mangroves and our efforts at planting Invasive species.

The progress with reforestation is slower than rate of depletion. Depletion of Mangrove Cover from Deltaic Ecosystem is going on unabated on the East i.e. the Sundarbans as well as West of Indian Peninsula, i.e. Indus delta. Some reasons for depletion of the Mangrove forest are stated in my paper:

Research "Dam The Rivers & Damn the Land-Seas-Ocean Ecosystems" also available on ResearchGate.

This paper holds man-made interventions to be mainly responsible for the loss of mangrove forest cover.

Some consideration should also be given to incidence of mass extinction of the species because we seem to be in the middle of 30,000 year periodic cycle related to mass extinction. Since the periodicity of mass extinction cycle is related to availability of appropriate quantum of energy and material it is quite likely that whatever is available naturally is too much for survival of the species.

Six of the seven species that were abundantly available on the Pakistan coastline have either been lost or they are among the threatened species. They are perhaps threatened because of the availability of excessive quanta of energy available from Intergalactic Gravitational Forces (IGF) and particulate matter resulting from slowdown of Solar Activity during the last few cycles, that is too much for survival of the above stated six species.

If so we seem to be fighting a losing battle by planting million samples at a time of the periodic cycle that is not conducive to their survival. Planting of invasive species is taking advantage of Survival of the fittest; but proliferation of the species will be at the cost of native species. The Cornocorpus erecta (?) has been inadvertently introduced in the landscape of Karachi and is threatening our ecosystem.

Impact of inadvertent introduction of invasive species needs to be mitigated not by chopping but by retarding their growth through appropriate genetic modification.

Your opinion is solicited on the subject.

Dear Mirza,

You seem like a lone voice bringing attention to a very real problem. This is not my field but in my home country South Africa and more particularly Cape Town, the local inhabitants get together on a voluntary basis to chop down "undesirable alien vegetation". Cape Town has a really unique ecosystem which really needs to be preserved.

You also bring up another problem whether we might be in "the middle of 30,000 year periodic cycle related to mass extinction. If we are, maybe we are going about things the wrong way - as you suggest. But it does not speak well for other species (plant and animal) or for us. Also it seems that we ourselves and our living pattern is largely responsible for much of the extinction that is occurring today. Do you know anything about what occurred or led the last extinction cycle?

Warm regards and thank you - Tina

In both river systems many people are struggling for daily survival. An environmental program must be designed and presented to serve a human habitat on a short term basis as well as the longer term objectives. It seems possible that marginal habitat could benefit from a well designed program, probably different in each river system.

In both river systems many people are struggling for daily survival. An environmental program must be designed and presented to serve a human habitat on a short term basis as well as the longer term objectives. It seems possible that marginal habitat could benefit from a well designed program probably different in each river system.

In both river systems many people are struggling for daily survival. An environmental program must be designed and presented to serve a human habitat on a short term basis as well as the longer term objectives.

In both river systems many people are struggling for daily survival.

The main reason for degradation of the deltaic ecosystem and depletion of Mangrove forest cover as well as loss of biodiversity are stated in my paper: Research "Dam The Rivers & Damn the Land-Seas-Ocean Ecosystems" also available on ResearchGate.

This paper holds man-made interventions leading to impoverishment of Himalaya's water resources by unchecked spree of construction of dams by the two emerging economies viz. China and India to be mainly responsible for the loss of mangrove forest cover. Stop them from doing so, if you can, Jerry Decker.