Is it possible for eliminate to all microbes/viruses.if not then please discuss what circumstances will arise to be resistant .
Regulatory/economic constraints and the characteristics of specific viruses have a role in their unavailability, but the lack of adequate animal models and ethical issues surrounding the conduct of therapeutic trials in pediatric and other at-risk groups also play a role.
There is a genetic change in the virus. Viruses continue to evolve due to natural selection. Their DNA undergoes both tiny changes due to mutation and massive alterations due to recombination. A mutation occurs when an error in the genetic code of a virus gets replicated. The ability of RNA viruses to diversify genetically, evolve quickly, and adapt to new environments is remarkable. Viruses are quite versatile. Their essential characteristics are malleable. The virus's ability to infect humans may become more or less dangerous as a result of these changes. That's why virologists are fascinated by the way viruses change throughout time.
Virus infections are carried out with the intent that the virus will replicate inside the host cell. Making a DNA copy is the first step. This process is more prone to go wrong in the viral cell. Complex organisms necessitate high-tech 'proof-reading' devices to guarantee faithful DNA replication.
While the SARS-CoV-2 virus (the virus suspected in the transmission of COVID-19) is a distinct species, other forms of the generic 'coronavirus' can infect a human and cause symptoms that are similar to those of COVID-19. In addition to the already complex situation, the use of terminology like "mutant," "variant," and "strain" to characterize the numerous forms of viruses simply adds confusion. This article delves into the idea of a viral mutation. Mutations are defined as changes to DNA or RNA that are not present in the unaltered, "wild type," version of an organism's genome. It's possible that this particular mutation has occurred before, but it's also plausible that it's brand new.
It is only natural for organisms to constantly adapt and evolve. Isolation between populations can lead to the development of new subgroups, or "lineages" (sometimes known as "strains" or "variations"). The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has undergone changes, which is neither surprising nor unusual.
Concerning variants (VOC) of SARS-CoV-2 have arisen as a result of mutations in the virus's spike protein. This viral component is essential for the virus to gain a foothold in human host cells.
Vaccines usually prompt the immune system to produce antibodies to combat the various threats we face, but HIV is able to evade our defenses by changing its appearance.
The virus's DNA is protected by a protein coat, which was the initial target of potential vaccines. We first considered this possibility after learning that antibodies directed against the envelope protein had failed to eradicate the virus. However, since the virus copies itself into the host genome, the T cells couldn't tell them apart.
Vaccine platforms are constrained by the virus's ability to incorporate into host DNA. Live attenuated vaccines have been used successfully in the past to prevent diseases caused by viruses like measles, mumps, and rubella; but, in the case of HIV, this approach cannot be taken due to the possibility of the virus integrating into the DNA of the [host cells] and causing sickness. In addition, HIV can be broken down into numerous distinct "clades," or groups. Vaccines developed for one clade (say, clade A) may not be effective against other clades.
Limitations in the amount of mRNA that can be included in a vaccine are one drawback of the mRNA vaccine technology [used for the COVID-19 vaccinations]. The vaccine against COVID contained the messenger RNA necessary to produce the spike protein. This mRNA method may be limited in its ability to generate several proteins in a single HIV vaccination.
HOW TO PREVENT COVID 19 AND OTHERS BY ANTIBODY AND ANTIBIOTICS
International journal of science published
- Badges
- Science topic
- Similar topics
- Agricultural Science
- Agronomy
- Crop Science
- Crop