The assay is the nitric oxide radical scavenging assay [24]. The extracts were prepared from a 10 mg/mL ethanol crude extract. These were then serially diluted with distilled water to make concentrations from 100−1000 μg/mL of the three plants and the standard gallic acid. These were stored at 4°C for later use. Griess reagent was prepared by mixing equal amounts of 1% sulphanilamide in 2.5% phosphoric acid and 0.1% naphthylethylene diamine dihydrochloride in 2.5% phosphoric acid immediately before use. A volume of 0.5 mL of 10 mM sodium nitroprusside in phosphate buffered saline was mixed with 1 mL of the different concentrations of the ethanol extracts (100−1000 μg/mL) and incubated at 25°C for 180 mins. The extract was mixed with an equal volume of freshly prepared Griess reagent. Control samples without the extracts but with an equal volume of buffer were prepared in a similar manner as was done for the test samples. The colour tubes contained ethanol extracts at the same concentrations with no sodium nitroprusside. A volume of 150 μL of the reaction mixture was transferred to a 96-well plate. The absorbance was measured at 546 nm using a SpectraMax Plus UV-Vis microplate reader (Molecular Devices, GA, USA). Gallic acid was used as the positive control. The percentage inhibition of the extract and standard was calculated and recorded. The percentage nitrite radical scavenging activity of the ethanol extracts and gallic acid were calculated using the following formula:
Nitic Oxide Scanenge (%) = A control - A test/A control x 100
percentage nitrite radical scavenging activity:where = absorbance of control sample and = absorbance in the presence of the samples of extracts or standards.