Please see the attached file.

The paper is attached

Toyota pioneered the use of nylon/clay composites as engine covers decades ago and academia still writes 1000's of articles reproducing the underlying science to this very day

Dear Sheikh,

As far as my knowledge, PMC as a structural component is an important materials in support of used for automotive application. But it can be used in future; there are many short findings for the PMCs which may not directly applicable for the same. Fist is stiffness, impact, fatigue cyclic stress endurance are the main concern which need to be resolved before structural application. More than this is some supportive points are still there for extensive using glass fiber PMC…Many companies have started using PMC but not on the high level specially for the automotive. Here I am quoting some points in favor and for further consideration for the PMC to be used in future.

Motivations for using PMCs in automobiles include weight reduction for better fuel efficiency, improved ride quality, and corrosion resistance. The next major step for PMCs in the automotive business is extension of usage into truly structural applications such as the primary body structure, and chassis/suspension systems. These are the structures that have to sustain the major road loads and crash loads. In addition, they must deliver an acceptable level of vehicle dynamics such that the passengers enjoy a comfortable ride.

These functional requirements must be totally satisfied for any new material to find extensive application in body structures, and it is no small challenge to PMCs to meet these criteria effectively. These criteria must also be satisfied in a cost-effective manner. Appropriate PMC fabrication procedures must be applied or developed that satisfy high production rates but still maintain the critical control of fiber placement and distribution.

PMC body structures have been used in a variety of specialty vehicles for the past three dec- 158 “ Advanced Materials by Design ades; Lotus cars are a particularly well-known example. The PMC reinforcement used in these specialty vehicles is invariably glass fiber, typically in a polyester resin. One potential development likely to come about if glass fiber PMCs comes to occupy a significant portion of the structural content of an automobile is the tailoring of glass fibers and corresponding specialty resin development.

The specific fatigue resistance of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GIFRP) is a sensitive function of the precise constitution of the material. Note::::However, there are also preliminary research indications of the sensitivity to cyclic stresses. The stress-strain curves of all high-performance PMCs are essentially linear in nature. This analogy leads directly to the conclusion that high-performance PMCs may well be able to absorb energy by a controlled disintegration (fracture) process.

Glass fiber-reinforced PMCs are inherently less stiff than steel. An increase in wall thickness can be used to offset partially the lesser material stiffness. Also, local areas can be thickened as required to optimize properties. Because PMCs have a density approximately one-third that of steel, a significant increase in thickness can be achieved while maintaining an appreciable weight reduction.

PMC vehicle body structures of the future, whether built with compression-molded or HSRTM parts, are expected to be designed with components integrated into modular subassemblies. The recycling industry is another support industry that will undergo significant change in the longer term if PMC vehicles become a significant portion of the volume of scrapped vehicles.

The extension of PMCs use to automotive structure technologies. There is abundant laboratory evidence and structures will require an expanded knowledge of the some limited vehicle evidence that strongly in design parameters for these materials, together dictates that glass fiber-reinforced PMCs are with major innovations in fabrication technology capable of meeting the functional requirements the most highly loaded automotive structures.

Hope it work out for you.

Ashish