Most products of high-level radioactive waste (HLRW) are cations, is there any anions?
Smectite clay is used as barrier for hazardous waste retention and confinement. It is a powerful material to retain cations, but less effective for retaining anionic species, therefore, I want to know whether exists radioactive anions in the HLRW.
Only a few radionuclides are able to reach the biosphere and contribute to their long-term exposure risks, mainly anionic species like I129, Cl36, Se79 and in some cases C14 and Tc99, whatever the scenario considered. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772208001757
Tc99 & I129 are both high yield fission products normally found as anions in basic solutions.
Well, adding remarks may be useful,
All clay minerals, are suggested as good isolation media of high closed porosity(not effective porosity), with very low permeability(may be reach zero), these characteristics give good physical conditions for radionuclides isolation and retention as anions or cations without leakage. as well, chemically cations exchange, also some salts of halogens intercolated with clay minerals support anionic exchange, so Smectite clay acts in physical and chemical manner(chemical retention for the mobility of radionuclides and physical isolation against radioactivity). accordingly, Smectite clay is not less effective for retaining anionic species.
Sincerely
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