Sustainability transitions and business models for sustainability to offer new insights into how business model innovation may act as a catalyst for system-wide sustainability transitions.
The "take–make–dispose" model of most economies depends entirely on the availability of resources and energy. This linear model of resource consumption has for long served businesses and consumers but the environment cannot forever provide the inputs the model hangs on nor accept the waste(s) it produces. The non-linear and restorative concept of the circular economy (e.g., "reduce/regenerate–reuse–recycle") has been proposed to design out waste, promote the use of energy from renewable sources, and build resilience by means of diversity. For more embeddedness, synergy, and effect in society, however, the value chains of the circular economy must extend beyond the mere mechanics of production and consumption: for this, value chains must be complemented by value cycles. The document hyperlinked below tables a simple proposal for a business model to promote value cycles in projects and catalyze system-wide transition.